TÜRKMEN DÜŞÜNDIRIŞ SÖZLÜGY

a
b
ç
d
e
ä
f
g
h
i
j
ž
k
l
m
n
ň
o
ö
p
r
s
ş
t
u
ü
w
y
ý
z

B - b

baba   [ba:ba] n. 1 • grandfather. Ejemiň kakasy meniň babam. My mother's father is my maternal grandfather.

2 • ancestor. Biziň ata-babalarymyz köp däp-dessurlary galdyrypdyr. Our ancestors passed on many traditions to us.

3 • old man. Okuwçy garry baba köçeden geçmäne kömek etdi. The student helped the old man across the road.

4 • Baba. honorific title, esp. for saints. Taşkentde Lenin babamyz özbege, Aşgabatda türkmene, Alma-Atada gazaga meňzärdi. In Tashkent our grandfather Lenin was similar to an Uzbek, in Ashgabat to the Turkmen, in Almaty as a Kazak Lenin.

babadaş   [ba:badaş] n. distant relative. Ejemiň kakasy bilen kakamyň kakasy biri-birine baba tarapdan ýegen eken, ýagny onuň babadaşy. My mother's father is a nephew to my father's father on my maternal grandfather's side, it turns out, that is his distant relative.

babatda   [ba:batda] post. about, of. Ol pul babatda ejizdir. Concerning finances, he is weak.

bada   [ba:da] adj. at once, at one stroke, as soon as, immediately. Buz çat açanda, şol bada adamlar üstüne bardy. As soon as the ice starting cracking, people walked on it. Haýwanat baganda maýmynlara alma uzadaňda, şol bada alýarlar. In a zoo, as soon as the apples are handed out, the monkeys take them. Poloroid fotoapparaty suraty şol bada çykarýar. A polaroid camera outputs photos immediately.

bada-bat   [ba:da-ba:t] adj. immediately, at once. Mugallymyň, beren soragyna okuwçylar bada-bat jogap berýärdiler. The teacher immediately answered the students' question.

badam   [ba:dam] n. almond.

badamjan   [ba:damja:n] n. aubergine, US egg-plant.

badaşmak   [ba:daşmak] v.

badyna   [ba:dyna] post. at once, as soon as. Mamam tansyň badyna oýnap aýak agyrsy ýadyna düşmedi. As soon as she started dancing, my maternal grandma forgot her leg ache. Deňiziň gyrasynda uly şemalyň badyna durup bolar ýaly däldi. At the sea-shore as soon as the strong wind got up it wasn't possible to stand.

n. speed, velocity. See: bat. Badyna çapyp barýan aty saklamak kyn. The speed of a racing horse is difficult to sustain. Öý pişiginiň badyndan, ýabany pişiginiň bady çalt. A wild cat is faster than a pet cat.

bag   [ba:g] n. 1 • garden.

2 • tree.

3 • orchard, grove. miweli ~ (fruit) orchard.

4 • lace, string. ~ çykmak Ýaz paslynda miweli baglar, ak güllere batyp otyrlar. In the Spring fruit trees produce white flowers. Mekdepde ýowar bolanda okywçylar bag hem ekdiler. In schools, when it was time for voluntary labour the school children planted an orchard. botanika bagy botanical garden. Joralarym bilen seýil baga çykdym. I went to the park with my friends. Şäheriň merkezi bagynda, dynç alyş güni halk üçin aýdym-saz berilýär. On Sunday music is provided for the people at the central park. baga çykmak to climb a tree. Şu ýyl biziň bagymyz, köp hasyl berdi. This year our orchard provided much fruit. tree. Ýaz pasylynyň başynda, baglara dökün berilýär. At the start of the Spring season, the trees are manured. Ýöleten şäherinde bäş sany çagalar bagy bar. Çagalar üçin, çagalar bagy gerekli, ol ýerde tertip düzgüni öwrenýärler. For children, nursery schools are necessary. There they teach them order and discipline.

çagalar ~y   kindergarten, nursery school.

bagana   n. astrakhan, fur. curly lamb's fur. Ýaşuly adamlar bagana telpek geýärler. Old men wear astrakhan hats. Gyşda çopanlary bagana possun, sowukdan goraýar. During winter astrakhan coats save shepherds from the cold.

bag-bakja   [ba:g-bakja] n. garden, allotment, vegetable patch. Bag-bakjada gögerýän gawyn—garpyzlar örän tagamly. Sweet melons and water-melons grown in a garden are very tasty. Daýhanlar bag-bakjada zähmet çekip işleýärler. Peasant farmers toil away in allotments.

bagban   [ba:gba:n] n. gardener. Bagbanyň işi, baglara seretmek, suwarmak, aklamak we düýp ýerini ýumşatmak. A gardner's work is to watch the garden, water it, tidy it, and soften hard ground. Baglary bagbandan gowy tanaýan ýok. No one knows gardens like a gardner.

bagjyk   [ba:gjyk] n. tie, strap. Çagalar bagynda çagalara köwüşiň bagjygyny daňmagy öwredýärler. In a nursery school they teach children how to tie their shoe laces.

baglamak   [ba:glamak] v. 1 • to tie. Çapyksuwar atyň eýerini berk baglap münýär. Jockeys tie the horse's saddle on tight and then mount. Sürüden gelen sygyrlary gijesine gazyga baglaýarlar. Cows that come in from the herd are tied to a post at night. Balykçylar tutan balygyny tora salyp, ýüp bilen agzyny baglap, suwda saklaýarlar. Fish caught by fishermen are put in a net in the water with the mouth tied up by string. Gyzlar sähra çykyp, owadan güllerden çemen bagladylar. Girls went out into the steppe and tied up bouquets of beautiful flowers. Gözbagçy tomaşaçylaryň gözüni baglap, oýun görkezdi. The hypnotist tied up the spectator's eyes and demonstrated a trick.

2 • to lock. Sürüjiler maşynyň howpsuzlygy üçin ony baglap goýýarlar. Drivers park and lock the car for safety. Ýygylan bugdaýy ammara bagladylar. They locked the gathered wheat in a barn. Kärhananyň işgärleriniň iş wagty gutarandan soň, garawul gapyny baglaýar. After the workers at the workshop have finished work the night-watchman locks the door.

3 • to shut off, fence. Ýollar remont edilende, daş-töweregini baglaýarlar. When they repair the roads they shut them off from outside traffic. Mallar mellege girip ösümligi zaýalamazlygy üçin, mellegiň töweregini baglaýarlar. When domestic animals enter the field they fence the field in to stop them harming the plants.

4 • to link. Goşulmalar sözleri biri-birine baglaýarlar. Affixes link words to each other.

ýüregiňi baglamak   to steal your heart. Türkmen haly muzeýinde gören halym ýüregimi baglady. The carpet I saw in the Turkmen carpet museum stole my heart.

bil ~   to trust, rely on.

baglanmak   [ba:glanmak] v. to be tied.

baglanyşdyrmak   [ba:glanyşdyrmak] v. to associate, connect.

baglanyşyk   [ba:glanyşyk] n. connection, tie, bond. Gün bilen ýer şarymyzyň magnitizm baglanşygy bar. There is a magnetic bond between the sun and our globe.

baglanyşykly   [ba:glanyşykly] adj. connected with, bound up with, relating to. Ylym we tejribe özara baglanyşykly bolmaly. Research and real-life must be related to each other.

baglaşmak   [ba:glaşmak] v. to make, conclude. şertnama ~ to make a treaty, form an alliance. Gurluşyk kärhanasy bilen mekdep, täze gurluşyk şertnamasyny baglaşdylar. The construction firm and the school made a new agreement about the new construction project.

bagly   [ba:gly] adj. to be connected with, dependent on. Men kömek edip biljek däl, meniň elim bagly. to have one's hands tied - can't do anything. Arassa tebigatyň ekologiýasy adamlara bagly. The ecology of clean nature is connected with people. Okuwçylaryň gowy bilimi mugallyma bagly. The students' good learning depends on the teacher. Aýlyk hakymyz öndürýän önümize bagly. Our monthly wage depends on how much we produce. Obanyň saglyk ojagy sebitiň merkezi keselhanasyna bagly. Your village clinic is connected with the region's central hospital.

bagşy   n. folk-singer, bard. Meniň gyzymyň bagşy bolasy gelýär. My daughter wants to be a folk-singer. Türkmenistanda zehinli bagşylar bar. Turkmenistan has talented folk-singers.

bagt   n. happiness, good fortune. bagtly bolmak to be lucky. Uzak hem bagtly durmuşda ýaşap geçmek uly bagt. It is great fortune to live a long and happy life. Ekzameni ýokary bahalara tabşyrmak uly bagt. It is pure joy if you get a high grade in an exam.

bagtly   adj. happy, fortunate, blessed. 'Ýaşy uzyn, bagtly gyz bolsyn!' diýip, myhmanlar arzuw etdiler. 'May you have a long-living, happy daughter!' the guests wished. Myrat we Leýli durmuşyňyz bagtly bolsyn! May you, Murad and Leyli, live a happy life! Çagasy bolan ene-atalar örän bagtly adamlar. Parents who have children are very blessed.

bagtsyz   adj. unhappy, unfortunate. Uruşda ýogalan esgerleriň ene-atalary bagtsyz. The parents of soldiers who come back deceased from the war are unhappy. Maýyp we ýetimler öýündäki çagalar örän bagtsyz. Cripples and orphans who live at home are very unfortunate. bagtsyz bolmak to be unhappy. 1948-nji ýyldaky ýer titremesi Türkmenistan üçin iň bagtsyz ýyl boldy. The earthquake which occurred in 1948 made it the most unfortunate year for Turkmenistan. bagtsyz etmek to make unhappy.

bagtyýar   [bagtyýa:r] adj. 1 • happy, fortunate. Türkmenistan döwletimiziň adamlary bagtyýar. The people of the state of Turkmenistan are fortunate. Ýurt parahatçylygy adamlary bagtyýar edýär. The nation's peace makes people happy.

2 • Bagtyyar. boy's name.

bagyr   n. 1 • liver. Bagry agyrýan adamlara alkagol içgilerini içmek gadagan. For people with liver problems it is forbidden to have alcoholic beverages. Hassanyň bagryny rentgene düşürdiler. They put the sick person's liver through the X-ray.

2 • heart, soul. Ejem ýögolanda, görüp bilmedigime ýürek-bagrym ýanyp kül boldy. When my mother died, the fact that I couldn't see her turned my heart and liver into ash.

bagyşlamak   v. 1 • to dedicate. Güýç-kuwatyny önümçilige bagyşlady. He gave his strength and health to (factory) production. Gahrymanlar janyny ýeňiş üçin bagyşladylar. The heroes dedicated their lives to gaining victory. Babadaýhan bütin ömrüni eken baglaryna bagyşlady. The patron saint of farming devoted his whole live to planted gardens.

2 • to forgive. Gadyr gijesinde adamlar biri-birini bagyşlaýarlar. On Gadyr night people forgive each other. Gadyr night is a feast at the end of ramadan (oraza).

interj.

bagyşlanmak   v. to be dedicated, be devoted. Jenaýatçy günäsiniň azda-kände bagyşlanmagy üçin, derňew işine kömek etdi. Criminals, whether they have few or many sins, are quickly helped into work.

bagyş etmek   v. to dedicate, devote; donate. Watanym üçin mal-mülkümi bagyş etmäge kaýyl. I was happy to donate my flocks and possessions to my mother country. Nahardan soň ölen-ýitenlere bagyş edip, aýat-töwir okalýar. After eating, those lost and died are dedicated and/as some scripture and a grace is read. Çagalar öýüne bir-näçe oýnawaç bagyş etdim. I donated several toys to the nursery.

baha   [baha:] n. 1 • price, mark, cost, opinion, bill. Çöregiň bahasy näçe? How much is the bread? Satylýan erbet hilli aýak gaplar bahasyna görä däl. The poor-quality footware is not worth their cost. Muzeýdäki eksponatlaryň bahasy çäksiz. The exhibits in the museum were priceless. belli bahasy ýok no fixed cost.

2 •  Teatrda goýlan sahna gowy baha berildi. The stage that was put in the theatre was well-liked. Doganyň dogana bahasy ýökdyr. A brother's brother has no price. Mugallym okuwça bäşlik baha goýdy. The teacher gave 5/5 to the pupil.

bahalamak   v. to cost, price, estimate the worth. Dokalan halynyň hilini bahalamak üçin ýürite adam çagyrdyk. A specialist was called in order to estimate the carpet's worth. Atam mal bazara goýun bahalamaga gitdi. My father went to the livestock market to price the sheep.

bahalaşmak   v. to haggle, to barter, to negotiate a price. Bazarda bahalaşyp keçe aldym. At the market I haggled and bought a felt mat. Goňşyma ylalaşykly bahalaşyp sygyrymy satdym. I sold my cow to my neighbour at the agreed and haggled price. Firmanyň üsti bilen bahalaşyp jaý satyn aldyk. We haggled with the firm's help and bought a house.

bahaly   adj. expensive, valuable. Daýhan birleşikde agrarçy hünärment bahaly adam. In a collective farm an agricultural specialist is a valuable commodity. Arheologlaryň gazyp tapan gadymy küýzesi örän bahaly. The ancient jug that the archeologists dug up is extremely valuable.

bahana   n. cause, reason, excuse, pretext, ground. bir bahana bilen under/on the pretext of. Ýaz aýynda bahana bilen joralarymy alyp gök meýdana çykdyk. During spring my female friends and I had a good reason to go to a meadow (for a picnic). Bir iş bilen şähere baranymda, bahana bilen babamlara myhmançylyga bardym. When I went to town for something, I had a pretext for going to see my grandfather's family. Nurgeldi ekskursiýa gidende, bahana bilen gämä münüp gördi. When Nurgeldi went on an excursion he had an excuse for experiencing a boat trip.

bahar   n, adj. 1 • spring. early Spring. See: ýaz. Bahar paslynda baglar gülleýär. In Spring the trees come into bloom. Bahar baýramy Spring festival.

2 • Bahar. girl's name. Baharda godylýan gyzlaryň adyna Bahar diýip dakylýar. Girls born in the Spring are often named Bahar.

bahyl   [bahy:l] adj. envious.

bahyllyk   [bahy:llyk] n. envy.

baja   [ba:ja] n. brother-in-law, a man's wife's brother. Aýal doganlaryň ýoldaşlary biri-birine baja bolýar. Sisters' husbands are baja to one another.

bajy   n. 1 • sister. form of address to someone approx. the same age, but not well acquainted with.

2 • older sister (some dialects). Gyz maşgala doganlaryna we jigilerine bajy bolýar. Women in the family are bajy to their brothers and sisters.

bak   [ba:k] n. tank. benzin baky petrol tank. Maşynyň benzin bagyny dolduryp gitdik. We went out to fill the car's petrol tank.

baka   [baka] post. towards, in the direction of. Gyz öýlerine baka ylgady. The girl ran in the direction of her house.

bakaly   [baka:ly] interj. now, now then. Dur bakaly! Now wait!

bakan   [bakan] post. towards, in the direction of. Gyz öýlerine bakan ylgady. The girl ran in the direction of her house.

bakja   n. melon garden, plantation. especially for (water)-melon and gourds. Bakjadaky ekinleri wagtly-wagtynda suwarmaly. Things planted in a melon garden need watering regularly. Bakjada her-hili gök önümler ösýär. In a plantation all kinds of plants grow.

çagalar bakjasy   nursery school, kindergarten, creche. Çagalar, çagalar bakjasynda wagtyny şadyýan hem peýdaly geçirýärler. Children in a nursery school have an enjoyable and productive time. Çagalar bakjasynda terbiýeçiler çagalar üçin gyzykly sahnalary goýýarlar. In a nursery school the carers put on interesting shows for the children.

bakjaçy   n. melon grower. Häzirki döwürde bakjaça terbiýeçi diýýärler. Currently melon-growers are classed as instructors.

bakmak   v. 1 • to watch, look (at), stare (at), gaze (at). Maşynyň içinde we gapdalynda yzyňa bakmak üçin ýörite aýna goýylupdyr. A special mirror is put inside and on the sides of a car in order to look behind. Ýaş-juwanlar biri-birine mähirli bakyp otyrdylar. The young people sat looking at each other lovingly. Çagalary käýän wagtyň ýere bakyp durlar. When you tell children off they look at the floor.

2 • to graze, fatten up, tend. Baga bakylan öküziň etinden palaw bişirip iýdik. We cooked and ate pilau made from the meat of an ox that had been fed intensively. Mal bakmak çopana ýagşy. It's good to watch livestock if you are a shepherd. Tut gurçugyny bakyp, gowy pile hasylyny aldyk. We kept mulberry worms and gained a good harvest of cocoons.

bakna   adj. dependent on, subordinate, part of the empire of. 18-nji asyrda Hindistan Beýik Britaniýaň bakna ýurduna degişlidi. During the 18th century India was part of the British empire.

baky   [ba:ky] adj. for ever, eternal, everlasting. Şäher merkezinde baky ot ýanýar. In the city centre they have an undying flame. Şu suraty jorama baky ýädygarlik üçin berýärin. I'm giving this this photo to my friend as a keepsake (for ever).

bal   [ba:l] n. 1 • force (of the wind, of an earthquake etc.) 1948-nji ýylda Aşgabatda 9 ~ ýer titredi. In 1948 a force 9 earthquake shook Ashgabat.

2 • mark, grade (at school). Matematika olimpiýadasynda iň köp bal alan, ikinji orta mekdep boldy. The school that got the highest marks in the Mathematics competition was the '2nd Middle School'.

3 • point (in some scores). Şahmat ýaryşynda Lebap welaýaty Mary welaýatyndan 3-2 bal bilen utuldy. In the chess competition the Lebap region lost to the Mary region 3-2.

4 • ball (dance). Täze ýyl baly New Year's ball.

bal   [bal] n. honey.

1 • honey, jam.

bal akmak    Emeli bal pilen hakyky ary balynyň tapawdy ýer bilen gök ýaly. Artificial honey and real bee honey are as different as earth and heaven.

2 • tasty. Naharyň tagamy bal ýaly bolypdyr. The food was as sweet as honey (i.e. tasty).

bala   [ba:la] n. child, kid. 'Meniň eziz balam!' diýip enem söýerdi. My mother used to show her love for me by saying, 'My dear child'. See: çaga.

balak   n. pants, underwear, leggings. long underwear worn by Turkmen ladies. Mähri seýilgäh bagyna gitmek üçin täze tikdiren balagyny geýdi. Mahri put some newly-sewn leggings on to go to the park.

balans   [ba'lans] n. balance. Her ýylyň ahyryna balans hasabatyny tabşyrmaly. Each year the accounts have to be reported on. See: deň agramlylyk.

baldak   n. stem, stalk, shoot. Category: plants. Bägülim baldagyndaky tikeni elime çümdi. My hand was pricked by the thorns on the rose stem.

balyk   [ba:lyk] n. fish. Balyk çorbasy iň süýji naharlaryň birisi. Fish soup is one of the tastiest foods.

balykçy   [ba:lykçy] n. fisherman. Dynç alyş güni balykçylar çeňňegi bilen derýa balyk tutmaga barýarlar. At the weekend fishermen go to the river with nets to catch fish.

banan   [ba'nan] n. banana. Maýmynlaryň halaýan zady banan. Monkies like bananas.

bank   n. bank. Bankda puly saklamak ynamdar bolýar. Putting money in the bank is a trustworthy thing to do.

banka   ['banka] n. jar, tin, can. Tomusda uly il gök-önüm bilen banka ýapýar. In the summer everyone cans fruit and vegetables. especially tomatoes, cucumbers, and fruit.

bap   [ba:p] n. 1 • chapter. Kitap gowy bolsa, birinji bapdan gyzykly okalýar. If a book is good the first chapter reads well.

2 • helpful. Seniň özüňi alyp barşyň meniň göwnüme bap däl. Your behaviour is not helpful for my heart.

bar   [ba:r] modal v. 1 • to have. Dukanda diýen harydyň bar. The shop has anything you could possibly want.

2 • to be (there). Şemşat barmy? Ýök, ol dukana gitdi. Is Shemshad there? No, she went to the shop. Gözleýän kitabym, kitaphanada bar bolsa gerek. If the book I'm looking for is there in the book shop, I need it.

3 • yes. Suw barmy? Bar. Is there water on? Yes.

adj. all, whole. Bar edilen işler biderek boldy. All the work that had been done was a waste of time.

bary-ýogy   adv. in all, only. Gar bary-ýogy bir gün ýagdy. Snow fell, but only for one day.

bar bolmak    Bu dünýäde bar bolmak ýa bar bolmamak... To be or not to be (in this world)... bar bolmak -- original form of the verb bar.

Arma(ň)! Bar bol(uň)!   How's it going? Thanks, I'm fine. Greeting and the reply when entering a workplace.

barabar   [bara:bar] adj. 1 • approximately, is around. Goýunyň agramy kyrk kilo barabar. A sheep's weight is around forty kilos.

2 • as valuable as, compares to. Dokan halyň altyna barabar. A hand-made carpet is like gold.

barada   [ba:rada] post. about, of.

barça   pron. all (of), the entire.

bardy-geldi   conj. if it so happens that, if (by chance). Bardy-geldi işim ugruksa, men baý bolaryn. If it so happens that my business takes off, I will be rich.

barha   [barha:] adj. ever more, increasingly. Kerwen barha ýakynlaşyp barýardy. The camel train came ever closer.

barlag   [ba:rlag] n. 1 • check-up, examination, control(s). serhetdäki ~ border controls. Söwdadan soň galan harydy barlag etdik. After the day's selling was over the remaining goods were checked.

2 • search. jenaýat barlag topary criminal search team.

3 • investigation, research, survey. Ymambaba daýhan birleşiginde ylmy barlaglar geçirilip gaz we nebit tapyldy. In Ymambab collective farm gas and oil were found after carrying out a survey.

barlagçy   [ba:rlagçy] n. 1 • inspector, auditor. Barlagçy öz işini kanuna görä ýerine ýetirýär. An inspector does his work according to the rules. Ýol hereketiniň barlagçysy, ýol bozujyny tussag etdi.

2 • ticket collector. Teatra girmezden öň barlagçy bilediňi barlaýar. Before you go into the theatre the ticket collector checks your ticket.

3 • investigator.

barlamak   [ba:rlamak] v. 1 • to check, verify, test, examine. Barlap gör! Check this! Çopan mallaryň saglygyny barlamak üçin mal doktoryny çagyrdy. The shepherd called the vet to examine the health of his animals. Bu soragy seni barlamak üçin berdim. I gave this question to you to test you.

2 • to check, mark. Mugallym okuwçylaryň depderlerini barlaýar. The teacher marks the pupils' exercise books.

3 • to search. Olar öýleri barlamaga geldiler. They came to search the houses.

barlanmak   [ba:rlanmak] v. to be checked, tested.

barly   [ba:rly] adj. rich, well-to-do, well-off. Şöhrat barly ýeriň maşgalasyndan. Shohrat is from a rich family.

barlyk   [ba:rlyk] n. being, existence.

barlyşmak   v. 1 • to be reconciled. Ol başy boş aýal bilen barlyşdy. He was reconciled with his empty-headed wife.

2 • to agree, get on with (each other). Iki guda öz aralarynda ylalaşyp, çagalarynyň biri-birine barlyşmagyny islediler. The two sets of in-laws, agreeing amongst themselves, wanted their respective children to get on with each other. The two children are married to each other.

barlyşyk   n. 1 • armistice, truce, cease-fire.

2 • agreement. Türkmenistanyň Prezidenti bilen Russiýa Federatsiýasynyň Prezidenti gaz we nebit önümleriniň meselesende barlaşyga gol çekdiler. The presidents of Turkmenistan and the Russian Federation signed an agreement concerning gas and oil.

barmak1   n. 1 • finger. başam barmak thumb, big toe. süýem barmak index finger. orta barmak middle finger. ogulhajat ring finger. külem barmak pinky, little toe. Barmagym çykyp tebibiň ýanyna bardym. My finger was dislocated so I went to see the folk healer.

2 • toe. Gelinbarmak üzimi, süýji sortlaň birisi. Gelenbarmak grapes are one kind of sweet grape. Palaw bişireňde bürünjiň üstüne guýmaly suwuň ölçegi iki barmak ýaly bolmaly. When you cook pilau the amount of water you add should be two fingers width above the rice.

On barmagy hünärli.   S/he is a jack of all trades.

barmak2   v. 1 • to go, to head in the direction (of). Nirä barýarsyň? Where are you heading? Çagyrylmadyk ýeriňe barma, çagyrlan ýeriňden galma. nakyl Don't go where you haven't been invited, don't stay long where you have. Dukana baryp gaýtmak üçin biraz wagt gerek. You need a bit of time to go to the shop and back. Geçen hepde men diş lukmanyň ýanyna bardym. Last week I went to the dentist's.

2 • to arrive at, reach, attain, approach. Sapaga giç barmak gowy däl. It's bad to turn up late for a lesson.

3 • to succeed in understanding.

4 • to result, end in.

5 • to approximate, to have almost done something. gutaryp barmak to be almost finished. Biziň işimiz ilerläp barýar. Our work is heading in a good direction. sowlup barmak to pop into somewhere else on the way.

Bar, işiňe git!   Mind your own business! Get lost!

barşy   n. 1 • way, manner, behaviour. Asmanda bürgüdiň uçup barşy owadan. The flight of eagles in the sky is beautiful.

2 • manners. Merdanyň toýda özüni alyp barşy erbetdi, ol alkogol içip oglanlar bilen gohlaşdy. Merdan's behaviour at the wedding was poor, he drank and ended up fighting with other lads.

bary   [ba:ry] adj. the whole, all of. Balykçynyň tutan balygynyň bary üç sany. The bird-catcher caught three birds in all.

bary bilen bazar eýlemek   to live within one's means.

barybir   [ba:rybir] conj. anyway, even so, in spite of, in any case. Barybir gitmeli bolar. In any case (we'll ) have to go.

baryp   adj. going on for, as long ago as, as far back as. Baý-bow, ol baryp haçanky bolan wakalar. My goodness, that happened a long time ago.

barypýatan   adj, adv. real, true; really, truely. Ot-çep basyp giden mellek, barypýatan ýaltalykdyr. If your piece of ground is overgrown, then you're really lazy.

baryş   n. behaviour. özüni alyp barşy his behaviour, conduct. Tamadaň toýy alyp barşy örän gyzykly hem şadyýan. The master of ceremonies at the wedding's conduct is very interesting and makes you happy. Sahnada artistleriň özüni alyp barşy ýaman ynandyryjy. The actors' acting in the scene is very believable. See: barşy.

basgançak   n. stairs, steps, a ladder. Kiçi çagaň bir özini basgançaga göýbermeli däl. Small children should not be allowed up the stairs. Basgançaga haly ýazdym. I spread the carpet out on the stairs.

basgylamak   v. to tread (on).

basmahana   [basmaha:na] n. printing house, printers.

basmak   v. 1 • to tread. Aýak basmak üçin basgançak gurnadyk. We made steps to tread on.

2 • to hug. Ene üzak wagt görmedik balasyny bagryna basdy. The mother hugged the child she hadn'd seen for ages.

3 • to conquer. 1327-nji ýylda Çingiz han Buhara imperiýasyny basyp aldy. In 1327 Ghengis Khan conquered the Bucharan empire.

4 • to store. Güýz aýlary maldarlar ot basyp, gyşa taýynlyk görýärler. In the Autumn farmers store grass and keep it for the winter.

5 • to try. Ody öziňe bas-ötmese kesekä. nakyl Try something yourself before you expose it on others.

6 • to dip. Jenaýatçynyň barmaklaryny syýa basyp, yzyny aldylar. Criminals fingers were dipped in ink, and their fingerprints were taken.

7 • to place, put. Polis ony tutup, gabawhana basdy. The police caught him, and placed him in a cell.

8 • to fill up with. Ýaşalmaýan jaýyň içini derrew çaň basýar. A house not lived in quickly becomes full of dust.

ýüzüne basmak   to say something directly to another persons face. Edilen ýalňyşy ýüzine basyp aýtdy. He told him his fault straight to his face.

basmarlamak   v. to come upon. Döwleti agyr uky basmarlady. A deep sleep came upon Dowlet. Ony garrylyk basmarlaýar. Old age has come upon him.

basseýn   [bas'seýn] n. 1 • pool, swimming baths. Derýanyň basseýni. A place to swim in the river.

2 • field. kömür basseýni coalfield.

basylmak   v. to be conquered. Stalingrad söweşinde faşist goşynlary ruslardan basyldylar. In the battle of Stalingrad the fascist army was conquered by the Russians.

basym1   adv. quickly, rapidly, hurriedly; soon. basym bol! hurry up! Basym gyş düşer, ýer ýüzi ak gara çaýylar. Winter will come quickly, the ground will be covered with snow. Basymjak çaý goý, myhmançylyga daýyň geldi. Basymrak awtobus geläýmese, ýaman üşedim.

basym2   n. stress, accent. basymly bogun stressed syllable. Belli sözleri basymly we basymsyz bogyna bölmek. Well known words can be divided into those with stress and those without stress.

basyrmak   v. 1 • to incubate, sour... Hamyry ýugrup sowuk ýerde basyrsaň, çörek gülli bolýar. If you knead dough and place it in a cold place, the bread will show something like finger marks. Süýdi basyrmak üçin, ýyly jaý gerek. To cover (and sour) milk you need a warm room.

ýurmurtgany ~    Towuk kürk bolanda, aşagyna ýumurtga goýup basyrmaly. When the hen is sitting, the egg has to be placed under the hen so it incubates.

2 • to hide, conceal. jenaýaty ~ to hide a crime.

basyş   n. pressure. gan basyşy blood pressure. ýokary/aşak ~ high/low pressure. Garry adamlaryň gan basyşy ýokaryk galsa, olar heläk bolýarlar. If an old man's blood pressure rises, it is dangerous.

baş   n. 1 • head, top, foremost. başy düşmek to chop someone's head off. başda durmak to be in charge. baş agyry headache. baş agza chief member. baş harp capital letter. derýanyň başy the head of the river.

2 • beginning, start. oýnuň başy the start of the game. gürrüňiň başy the beginning of the conversation. saçagyň başynda sitting at the table(cloth).

3 • case. ~ düsüm nominative case.

başyna düşmek   for something to happen to the person.

baş egmek   to bow.

baş üstüne   with pleasure!

başdan geçirmek   to experience.

baş galdyrmak   to raise your head.

başdan-aýak   from beginning to end.

başdan sowmak   to do something quickly.

baş asmana ýetmek   to be very happy.

baş-başdaklyk   rebellion, sedition.

baş öwretmek   to train (an animal).

baş çykarmak   to solve, find a solution.

başy çaşmak   to be confused, in a mess.

Başa barmaz!   Perish the thought!

başa bela gelmek   to have misfortune come your way.

başy çatylmak   to be bound up with string; to tie the knot.

başyna goýbermek   to let someone do what they want, remove all control.

başyna ýetmek   to finish someone/something off.

başyňy etegiňe salmak   to fear.

Başyňa döneýin!   Let me persuade you!

başyňdan gum sowurmak   for a close relative to die; to be poor.

başyňy ýassyga ýetirmek   to want to go to sleep.

baş götermek   to rebel.

baş bermezlik   not able to overcome.

başagaý   adj. to get into a fuss. Öýde başagaý bolup, açary alman gaýdypdyryn. I got in such a fuss I left home without my keys.

başarjaň   adj. able, capable, skilful. Başarjaň adamlar işden gorkanok. Capable people aren't afraid of work.

başarjaňlyk   n. ability, skill, aptitude. Ussa öz eden işini basarjaňlyk bilen ýerine ýetirdi. The craftsman did his work with skill.

başarmak   modal v. to be able, be capable of. Başarmajak işiňe başlama. Don't try to do what you are not capable of.

başarnyk   n. ability, skill, faculty, knack; gift. Her adamyň öz başarnygy bar. Each person has his own gifts.

başaşak   [başaşa:k] adj. upside-down. Meniň agam eliniň üstünde başaşak durup bilýär. My older brother/relative can do hand-stands.

başda   conj. first, at first, in the beginning, at the outset. Başda iş agyr bolýar. At first work is hard. başda durmak to be in charge.

başdan   adj. from the very beginning, from the very outset. Aýaly başdan, çagany ýaşdan. nakyl Train your wife from the beginning, your child from when they are young.

başdan-aýak   adj. from head to foot, from (the) beginning to (the) end, top to bottom. öýi başdan-aýak arassalamak to tidy the house from top to bottom. Çeper filmi köp bölüm bolsa-da, başdan-aýaga çenli seretdim. I watched the film from beginning to end despite it's many parts.

başdansowma   adj. careless, negligent. başdansowmalyk carelessness, negligence. Ýaltanyň özi başdansowma eden işlerine büdreýär. A lazy person's careless work, makes him stumble.

başdan geçirmek   v. to experience. Garry adamlar başdan geçiren günlerini öräň gyzykly aýdyp berýärler. Old people tell their experiences in a really interesting way.

başga   adj. 1 • another, other, different. Başga maşyn sürmek üçin, meniň derejäm gabat gelenok. My driving categories don't allow me to drive a different sort of vehicle. Garrygyz gawuny bilen waharman gawunynyň tagamy başga. Old-maid melons and Waharman melons have a different flavour.

2 • except, apart from. Senden başga howandarym ýök meniň. Apart from you I don't have any close support.

başgaça   adj. differently. Her tireniň halylarynyň gölleri başgaça dokalýar. Each tribe weaves their carpet pattern differently.

başlamak   v. to start. Toýa başlamak üçin molladan sähet soramaga barýarlar. In order to start the wedding they go to the Mullah to ask if it is a good (lucky) day.

başlangyç   n. beginning, start, commencement. Hazirlikçe täze açylan kärhananyň başlangyjy gowy. The newly opened business has started well.

başlanmak   v. to start, begin. Çeper film agşam sagat sekizde başlanýar. The film starts at 8pm.

başlyk   n. boss. Kazyýetiň baş kazysy adalatly adam. The court's chief judge is a just man.

başlyklyk   n. chairmanship, presidency (of a council). Täze goýlan başlyk, başlyklyk wezipesini gowy ýerine ýetirýär. The newly appointed boss carries out his chairmanship duties well.

başpena   [başpena:] n. guard.

baştutan   n. leader. Maşgalamyzda kakam baştutan bolup, hemmämize gowy maslahatlary berýär. In our family my father gives good advice to us all as a leader.

baştutanlyk   n. leadership. Prezidentiň baştutanlygy bilen, Türkmenistan uly ösüşlere ýetýär. Under the president's leadership, Turkmenistan is really moving forward.

başuç   [başu:ç] n. head of the bed. Ene çagasynyň başujunda oturdy. The mother sat at the head of the children's bed.

başy   n. beginning, start. başynda at, during, while. stoluň başynda at the table. Agşam çaý başynda, günüň dowamynda bolup geçen zatlaryň gürrüňini edýäris. In the evening over tea, we tell what happened during the day. Dawanyň başy, agyr sözden başlaýar. Disagreements begin with hard words.

bat   [ba:t] n. 1 • velocity, speed. Çapyp barýan atyň badyny saklamak kyn. When it is racing, a horse's speed is hard to restrain. Öý pişigiň badyndan, ýabany pişigiň bady çalt. A wild cat is faster than a pet cat.

2 • amount, measure. Buzuň üstünde taýyp bar bady bilen ýykyldy. On the ice s/he slipped with full force.

3 • force, power. Ylgap barýarkam, öňümden ýarak it çykyp, bar badymy aldy. While I was running a howling dog ran out and took away all my power. ~ bilen urmak to hit hard. Maşyn bat alyp başlady. The car began to move forward.

batareýa   n. battery. Sagadyň batareýasy çökenligi sebäpli, işe gijä galdym. I was late for work because the clock's battery had gone flat. Babam uruşda artilleriýa batareýasynda söweşdi. My (maternal) grandfather fought in the artillery battery.

batga   n. swamp, marsh, bog. Obamyzda ýagyşdan soň batgasyndan ýaňa ýörär ýaly däl. After it rains in our village you can't walk because it's like a bog.

batlanmak   [ba:tlanmak] v. to strengthen, become/get stronger, intensify, gain strength. Çölde tozanly tüweleý agşamara batlandy. In the desert the dust storm gained strength during early evening.

batly   [ba:tly] adv. 1 • strongly, intensely, powerfully. Batly şemal miweli baglaryň güllerini gaçyrdy. The strong wind brought down the blossom in the orchard.

2 • quickly, fast. Gözbagçy eliniň batly hereketi bilen tomaşaçylaryň gözüni baglaýar. The magician, with a quick action of his hands, fools the eyes of the audience.

3 • loudly. Aman batly sesi bilen aýdym aýdýar. Aman sings with a loud voice.

batmak   v. 1 • to sink, go down, be lost. Aýagym batga batdy. My hand sank into the swamp.

2 • to set. Oraza aýynda gün batandan soň agyz açylýar. During the month of Ramadan after the sun has set we break our fast.

3 • to get a splinter. Elime tiken batdy. I got a splinter in my hand.

4 • to be plunged into, be absorbed in, be immersed in. Guwanç täze maşyn alyp bergä batdy. Guwanch bought a new car and was immersed in debt.

batyr   [ba:tyr] adj. 1 • brave, bold, courageous. Sirkde gaplaňlara tälim beriji adamlary batyr görmeli. In the circus those who control the tigers have to show bravery.

2 • Batyr. Türkmenlerde ogyl bolanda, köplenç Batyr diýip at dakýarlar. When a boy is born Turkmen people often give them the name Batyr.

batyrlyk   [ba:tyrlyk] n. braveness, boldness, courage. Türkmeniň taryhynda Gökdepe galasyny goran aýallar öz edermenligini we batyrlygyny görkezdi. In Turkmen history the women who defended the fort at Gokdepe showed great courage and bravery.

batyrmak   v. to dip, dunk. Çöregi gaýmaga batyryp iýseň süýji. If you dip your bread in cream and eat it, it is sweet.

baý   [ba:ý] adj. rich. Ruhy baý adam köp ýagşy kitaplary okaýar. A spiritually rich person reads many good books. baý toprak rich land. Dökin berilen ýeriň hasyly baý bolýar. If you put manure on the land the harvest will be rich.

n. rich man.

baýamak   [ba:ýamak] v. to become rich, get rich, come into some money, go up in the world. Söwdegär bir şapbatda, çopan bir ýylda, daýhan on ýylda baýaýar. A businessman gets rich in one moment, a shepherd in one year, and a peasant in ten years.

baý-bow   [baý-bo:w] interj. My goodness! Baý-bow, bu garynjalara seret! My goodness, look at these ants!

baýdak   n. flag, banner. Her ýurduň baýdaklary özüçe owadan. Each country's flag is beautiful to them.

baýguş   [ba:ýguş] n. owl. Meniň, baýguş ýaly, gijelerine gözüme uky gelenok. I'm like an owl - I can't sleep at night. Baýguş guşuny birinji gezek zoologiýa muzeýinde gördüm. I first saw an owl in a zoological museum.

baýlaşmak   [ba:ýlaşmak] v. to widen, increase, enrich. Kitaphanada okaýan kitaplarym bilimimiň baýlaşmagyna kömek berýär. In a library the books I read help to enrich my education.

baýlyk   [ba:ýlyk] n. riches, wealth. Adam üçin iň uly baýlyk ruhy baýlygy. For people, the most important riches are spiritual riches.

baýrak   n. prize, reward, award. Himiýa olimpiadasynda birinji ýere eýe bolup, iň uly baýragy aldym. In the chemistry competition I got first place and won the largest prize.

baýram   n. Bairam; festival, celebration, free day, holiday. Ýeňiş baýramyňyz gutly bolsyn! Congratulations on victory day! Nowruz baýramyna gabatlap, öňünden bugdaý ekip goýýarlar. Before New Year's festival arrives, they sow wheat.

baýramçylyk   n. holiday, day off, festival. Baýramçylyklaryň içinde iň gowy hem gyzyklysy Gurban baýramy. Amongst the festivals Gurban festival is the best and most interesting.

baýyr   n. foothills, hill(s), knoll, hillock. Bahar paslynda, baýyrlaryň ýüzi her dürli güllerden dolýar. In Springtime the face of the foothills is covered with all kinds of flowers.

baýyrlyk   n. hills, hilly area, hill country. Her ýyl etrabyň çetindäki baýyrlykda hasyl toý edilýär. Each year a harvest festival is celebrated on the edge of the region in the hill country. Ýagyşdan soň baýyrlyk tarapdan älemgoşar görindi. After rain in the hill country you could see lots of poppies.

baza   [ba:za] n. 1 • base, area. pagta baza cotton collection area.

2 • wholesalers. Söwda bazasyndan dükanlara haryt paýlanýar. Shops buy their goods from wholesalers.

bazar   [ba:zar] n. market, bazaar. Mal bazarda saýlama mallar bar. In the animal market there are good quality animals. Tomus, bazarda göwniň islän zadyny alyp bolýar. In the summer you can buy lots of good stuff in the market.

bazar güni   [ba:zar gün] n. Sunday, market day. Bazar güni bazara köp haryt çykarylýar. On Sunday many goods are taken to market.

beden   n. body. Daglykda ýaşaýan adamlaryň bedeni sag. Those who live in the mountains have a healthy body.

bedew   n. 1 • steed, horse. Ahalteke bedewleri saýyrdyň bolýar. Ahalteke horses stand out as something special.

2 • stallion. i.e. a male horse.

bedre   n. 1 • bucket. Suwy bedre bilen guýudan daşamaly. You have to get water out of a well with a bucket.

2 • rubbish bin.

3 • trash can.

beg   n. rich man, ruler. i.e. a Khan. Ölini sylasaň beg bolarsyň. Dirini sylasaň baý bolarsyň. nakyl If you respect the dead you will become a ruler. If you respect the living you will become rich.

begenç   n. 1 • joy, gladness. Joram Angliýa gidende gynanjagymy ýa-da begenjegimi bilmedim. When my friend went to England I didn't know whether to be sad or to rejoice.

2 • Begench. boy's name.

begendirmek   v. to make glad/happy, cause joy. Bu habar ony örän begendirdi. He was very glad to hear this news.

begenmek   v. to rejoice, be glad, be happy. Agamdan hat alyp begendim. I was very happy to receive a letter from my older relative.

behişt   [behi:şt] n. heaven, paradise. Ýatan ýeri ýagty bolsun, jaýy behiştiň törinden bolsun. May your resting place be light, may you be in heaven's most honoured place.

bejergi   n. working, cultivation.

bejerilmek   v. 1 • to be repaired, be fixed. bejerilen maşyn a repaired car.

2 • to be worked, cultivated. Bejerilen ekin gowy hasyl getirýär. Cultivated land produces a good crop.

bejermek   v. 1 • to repair, fix. Men radiony bejerdim. I fixed the radio.

2 • to work, cultivate. ýer bejermek to work the land, to till the soil.

3 • to treat someone, to heal. Ol meniň oglumy keselden bejerýär. He is treating my son's illness.

4 • to cut, style. Öz saçymy bejerýärin I cut my own hair.

bejertmek   v. 1 • to have something fixed, to have something repaired. Men düýn maşynymy bejertdim. I got my car fixed yesterday.

2 • to cultivate (via someone else), to organize the cultivation of (a piece of land). Biz ýerleri tiz bejertmeli. We must cultivate the land quickly. An encouragement from a leader.

bekemek   v. 1 • to harden, become hard, get firmly established. zähmete bekän adam a man used to hard work.

2 • to get stronger. Ýaş sportçy kem-kemden bekeýär. Young sportsmen gradually get stronger.

beklemek   v. 1 • to wait. Men söýýän gyzymy köp bekledim. I waited ages for my girlfriend.

2 • to turn off. ýoly beklemek to shut the road. Ol gaz turbasyny bekledi. He turned off the gas supply.

agyz ~   to fast, keep the fast. Oraza aýynda agyz beklemek uly sogap. To fast in the month of Ramadan is a very good deed.

bela   [bela:] n. calamity, disaster. ~dan gutulmak to be saved from disaster. tebigy ~ natural disaster.

bela ýaly   sharp. Bela ýaly bolup, her kyn meseleden baş alyp çykýar. If you are sharp you can escape any difficult problem.

belent   adj. tall, high, lofty. ~ baýyr high hill. ~ ymarat tall building. Türkmenistanyň hazirki belent ymaratlary meni geň galdyrdy. I was surprised at the number of high buildings in Turkmenistan. Toýda ilki bilen söz berilen, kakamyň jygysy belent mertebeli Çary kakam boldy. The first person to say something at the wedding was my father's younger brother the highly respected Uncle Chary. belent magsatlar lofty aims.

belentlik   n. height, altitude. dag belentlikleri mountain heights. Şäher belentlikde ýerleşýär. The city is situated high in the mountains.

belet   adj. familiar, acquainted(with). Bu ýerlere men belet. I know this area. Biz oňa belet. We know him.

belgi   n. 1 • mark, sign. Toýa berilýän gap - çanaklaryň düýbine belgi goýulýar. The dishes leant for a wedding are marked under their base. (so they can be returned). ýol belgileri road signs.

2 • symbol. kartanyň ýüzündäki ~ler symbols on the map.

dyngy ~leri   punctuation.

belki   adj. maybe, perhaps; probably. Belki, myhmanlary agşama çagyrarys? Perhaps we should invite the guests this evening?

bellemek   v. 1 • to appoint, choose. wezipe bellemek to appoint to a responsible position. Kärhanamyza täze başlyk bellendi. Our work-place has had a new boss appointed.

2 • to celebrate, remember, mark the occasion. Doglan günümi bellemek üçin dogan-garyndaşlary çagyrdym. I invited my relatives so as to celebrate my birthday.

bellenmek   [bel:enmek] v. to be appointed, chosen. Toý bellenen güni boldy. The day appointed as wedding day arrived. Ol wezipe bellenmek bilen özüni tanatdy. After he had been appointed to a high position he changed (to a bad person).

belli   adj. 1 • famous, well-known. ~ maglumat well-known information. ~ artist well-known actor. Günüň çykjagy belli. We know that the sun rises every day.

2 • definite, certain. Dermany belli wagtda içmeli. You have to take the medecine at certains times of day.

~ derejede   well-known status.

~ bahasy ýok   priceless.

bellisini etmek   to decide something.

bellik   n. note, point. Mugallym ýygnakda okuwçylaryň tankydy belliklerini aýdyp geçdi. When they met the teacher made some critical points about the students.

bende   n. 1 • (God's) servant. Allatagalla bendesini özi gorasyn. Let God Most High defend his servant.

2 • poor person.

bendi   n. captive.

bent1   n. 1 • dam. suwuň öňüne bent gurmak to build a dam.

2 • block. Meniň ýolumy bent etme. Don't block my way.

bent2   n. love. Ol gyzyň aý ýaly keşbi meni özüne bent etdi. That girl's appearance, like the moon, made me fall in love with her.

bent3   n. verse, stanza, strophe. Kabir şahyrlaryň goşgularynyň bentleri kyn hem agyr okalýar. Some poet's verses are very hard to read.

benzin   [ben'zi:n] n. 1 • petrol. Maşynyň bakyny benzinden dolduryp, ýene ýola düşdük. We filled up the petrol tank, and carried on with our journey.

2 • gas, fuel. See: ýangyç.

berekella   [berekella:] n. Well done! Berekella, bişiren tamdyr çöregiň tagamy bal ýaly bolupdyr. Well done, the tandoori bread's flavour was as honey.

bereket   n. blessing. material blessings: food, money etc. Harmana bereket! May your threshing floor be blessed! Şu ýylky hasyl bereketli boldy. This year's harvest was blessed. Herekete bereket. nakyl Blessing comes with action.

bereketli bolmak   v. to be fruitful, be abundant. Ýerden aljak hasylyň bereketli bolar ýaly, biliňi berk guşap işlemeli. In order to gain a blessed harvest, you need to gird up your loins and work hard. Hasyl toýda saçaklaryň üsti bereketli boldy. At the harvest festival the table-cloths were blessed. i.e. it was full of produce.

bergi   n. debt. Jaý alanymyzda biraz bergi etdik. In order to buy a house we borrowed some money.

bergidar   [bergida:r] adj. in debt, debtor. Birine bergidar bolmak gowy däl. It's not good to be in debt to someone.

bergili bolmak   v. to be in debt, owe money. Başarsaň adama bergili bolmaly däl. If you are able it's better not to get into debt. Hudaýyň öňünde bergili bolmak günä. To be in debt is a sin against God. especially when you die - all debts have to be paid off.

bergi bermek   v. to pay a debt, pay off a loan; be indebted. Meni şu uly derejä ýetiren enem-atama, indi öz gezegimde şolara seredip bergimi berýärin. I'm indebted to my parents that I was able to reach such a high level.

berhiz   [berhi:z] adj. diet. Berhizde bolmak, adamy sagdyn edýär. Those who diet will be healthy.

beriji   n. giver, the one giving, donor. Gan beriji adamlar, syrkawa kömek edýärler. Blood donors help the sick.

berilmek   v. 1 • to be given. Bu jaý kitaphana berildi. This building was given to be a libary.

2 • to be paid. Aýlyk berildi. The salary was paid.

Berildigi bolsun!   1 • May s/he live long! Allah gave you your child, may he not take him back!

2 • Let it be a blessing to you! I hope you enjoy it! When you give someone a gift.

berjaý etmek   [berja:ý etmek] v. fulfil, carry out. kanuny berjaý etmek to observe the law. düzgüni berjaý etmek to keep to the regulations. Buýrulan işi berjaý edip ýerine ýetirmek. To carry out the work that has been ordered. Gullukdan gelen ýigitler watan öňündäki borjuny berjaý etdiler. The young men coming back from army service carried out their duty to their country.

berk   adj. 1 • strict. Okuwçysyny berk tutýan mugallym bardy. The teacher was strict with the pupils.

2 • strong, durable, hard. ~ matadan tikilen eşik Clothing made from strong material. berk mata durable stuff, hard-wearing fabric. Sowukda aýnalary ~ ýapmaly. In the cold windows have to be shut hard. ~ ynam strong faith.

3 • loyal. ~ bedenli ýigit A loyal young man.

4 • deep. ~ uka gitmek to go into a deep sleep.

berkarar   [berkara:r] adj. established.

berkarar etmek   [berkara:r etmek] to establish. 1995-nji ýylda Birleşen Milletler Buramasy garaşsyz Türkmenistana bitaraplygy berkarar etdi. In 1995 the United Nations establed Turkmenistan as a neutral country. dölweti berkarar etmek to establish the state.

berkemek   v. to go hard. Topraga wagtly-wagtynda dökün döküp suwarmasaň ýer berkeýär. If you don't add manure to and water the land every now and then it goes hard. See: bekemek.

berkitmek   v. 1 • to strengthen, improve. özara gatnaşygy ~ to strengthen the relations between us. Sowuk suw saglygy berkidýär. Cold water improves your health.

2 • to fix, attach, fasten. Şekili diwara berkitmek üçin, oňa çüý urdum. To fix the portrait to the wall, I banged in a nail.

3 • to train. öwrenje ýaşlary ussalara berkitmek for young trainees to be given to a craftsman for training.

berklik   n. 1 • durability, strength. poladyň berkligi the strength of steel.

2 • strictness. Täze goýulan ýolbaşçymyzyň berkligi, meni haýran galdyrdy. I was surprised at the strictness of our newly appointed leader. edilýän talabyň berkligi the strictness of the demand.

bermek   v. 1 • to give. Jigime alma berdim. I gave an apple to my younger sibling. Ukuda ýatan adama azar bermek gowy däl. You shouldn't give problems to (i.e. disturb) a sleeping person. kömek ~ to help. salam ~ to greet.

2 • to take. ekzamen ~ to take an exam. okuwçylara çözmäge mesele bermek to give students a problem to solve.

3 • to do for. Maňa ýazyp beräý. Please write it down for me.

bes   adj. enough. Öz gazanjym maňa bes! What I have earned is enough for me!

bes etmek   to stop. Gün ýaşanda işimizi bes etdik. When the sun went down we stopped work.

bet   adj. naughty, mischievous. Süýt dükanynyň satyjysy bet häsiýetli aýal. The woman who runs the milk shop has a mischievous character.

betbagt   adj. unlucky, bad. Meniň durmuşymda iň betbagt gün, ejemiň ýogalan güni. The worst day in my life was the day my mother died.

betbagtçylyk   n. disaster. Allatagalla hiç kime betbagtçylygy görkezmesin. May God Most High not show any disasters to anyone.

betbagtlyk   n. misfortune, bad fortune. Adamyň başyna betbagtlyk inende güýçli bolup geçirmeli. When misfortune comes on someone they need to be strong to get though it.

beter   adv. 1 • especially, particularly, unusually. Has beter ol agşamlaryna işli. He is especially busy in the evenings. Bu gün ol beter şat. He is unusually happy today.

2 • much worse. Men düýnküden beter üsgürýärin, lukmana ýüz tutmaly bolaýmasam. I'm coughing much worse than yesterday, maybe I'll soon have to call the doctor. Mundan ~ janyňy ýakma. Don't be sadder than you were before.

beterlemek   v. 1 • to get stronger, strengthen. Çölde ýel gitdigiçe beterleýärdi. In the desert the wind got stronger and stronger.

2 • to worsen, get worse. Onuň saglygy beterledi. His health got worse. Gyşyň sowugy beterleýär. Winter is getting colder.

betgylyk   n. evil, wickedness. Betgylyk adamdan her zada garaşybermeli. You have to expect anything from an evil person.

betnam   [betna:m] adj. disgrace. ~ bolmak to disgrace oneself, be disgraced.

betniýet   adj. ill-intentioned, villainous, with criminal intent. Betniýet adamyň soňy jenaýatçylykly iş we zyndan bolýar. The end of a villain will be criminal acts and prison.

betnyşan   [betnyşa:n] adj. ugly. Maýa betnyşan gyz bolsa-da, ýüregi ak. Even if Maya is an ugly girl, her heart is pure.

beton   [be'ton] n. concrete. Beton jaýlar gyşda sowuk, tomusda yssy bolýar. Concrete buildings are cold in winter and hot in summer.

betpällik   n. wickedness, evil. Betpällik edýän adamdan gowy zada garaşma. Don't expect anything from a wicked person.

beýan   [beýa:n] n. content, summary.

~ etmek   to expound, state, express. Ol wakany şeýle beýan etdi... S/he explained the event like this...

beýgelmek   v. to rise; be raised up, be elevated. Daglar kem-kemden beýgelýär. Mountains are gradually rising up. Adam abraý bilen beýgelýär. A person is elevated with respect.

beýgeltmek   v. 1 • to raise. sesi beýgeltmek to raise one's voice.

2 • to elevate, raise up. Onuň wezipesini beýgeltdiler. They raised him up to a high position. Suwuň joşup geljek ýerine çägeden bent edip beýgeldýärler. They place sand higher and higher to stop the water overflowing as it rises up.

3 • to make happy. Seniň şatlygyň meni beýgeldýär. Your happiness makes me happy.

tumşugyňy beýgeltmek   to be proud.

beýhuş   [beýhu:ş] adj. unconscious. Meň çekip beýhuş bolýan adam aklyny ýitirýär. Those who take hashihh lose consciousness.

beýik   adj. 1 • high, tall. dagyň ~ gerşi a mountains highest peak.

2 • great. Magtymguly ~ türkmen şahyrydyr. Magtymguly is a great Turkmen poet. Köpetdagyň beýik gerşinde, tomus aýlarynda hem gar ýatýar. Kopet dag's highest peak has snow on it throughout the summer months. Beýik ynam adamyň ruhuny galdyrýar. A person's great faith raises his spirits.

beýiklik   n. height, altitude. deňiz derejesinden beýiklik the altitude, the height above sea-level.

Beýik Britaniýa   n. Great Britain. Category: geogr.

beýle   adj. 1 • that, like that, in that way. Beýle çap edilenok... You don't type like that... Beýle gadymy türkmen halysyny entek göremok. I haven't yet seen a Turkmen rug as old as that.

2 • side, other side. Mekdebimiz demir ýoluň beýle ýüzünde ýerleşýär. Our school is on the other side of the railway line.

bir eýlesine, bir beýlesine geçmek   to plead with someone, entreat; find a way round someone.

beýleki   adj. other, another, next. derýanyň beýleki tarapy the other side of the river. Kenaryň beýleki tarapynda owadan park bar. On the other side of the bank there is a beautiful park.

beýläk   adj. that way, in that direction. Sen beýläk geç. You go on the other side. Mundan ~ beýle iş etme. After this don't do that kind of thing.

beýni   n. brain.

beýtmek   v. to do like that, behave like. Beýtmek saňa utanç dälmi? Aren't you ashamed to behave like that?

bezeg   n. decoration, adornment, ornament; beauty. gymmar bahaly bezegler valuable ornaments. Türkmen halysy öýüň bezegi. Turkmen rugs make one's home beautiful.

bezemek   v. to decorate, dress up. Durmuşa çykýan gyzy örän owadan bezediler. They dressed up the girl who was getting married very beautifully.

Adamy zähmet bezeýär.   Work makes an honest man.

bezenmek   v. to dress up, smarten (oneself) up. Ol gowy bezendi. He smartened himself up. Kiçi jigim bezenmegi gowy gorýär. My little sister likes doing her make up and dressing herself up.

   interj. oh. Bä, munuň gowudygyny! Oh, how good that is!

bäbek   n. baby, small baby. Akja bäbek bahana. nakyl Türkmenlerde bäbek kyrk çileden çykmaka azan okaýarlar. Before a baby goes out after his forty days they name the baby. Turkmen don't show the baby to others for forty days. The baby is kept at home. Before the baby goes out someone names the baby by saying 'your name is ....' 3 times.

bäbekhana   [bäbekha:na] n. orphanage for babies, foundling home.

bäbenek   n. pupil. Göz lukmanynyň ýanyna baryp, bäbenegimi görkezdim. I went to the eye doctor and showed him my pupil.

bägül   n. rose bush, rose. Gülleriň içinde owadany bägül. The rose is the most beautiful flower.

bäh   interj. my goodness!

bähbit   [bähbi:t] n. benefit, profit, good, use; interest. umumy ~ üçin for the common good. biriniň bähbidi üçin for somebody's good, in order to do a favour for someone.

~ bola!   Oh well, it doesn't matter! After e.g. losing a lot of money. Her iş bolsun, bähbit bolsun. May each work be for the common good.

bähbitli   [bähbi:tli] adj. advantageous, profitable, remunerative, useful. Barymyz üçin ~ iş. An advantageous work for us all.

bärde   post. here.

bäri   post. 1 • from, since. Ol ýedi aý bäri Türkmenistanda ýaşaýar eken. He has been living in Turkmenistan for 7 months.

2 • here. bäri gel come here please.

3 • this side (of). poçtanyň bärisinde this side of the post office.

bäri bakmak   to get better. after an illness.

bärik   [bäri:k] adv. here. motion towards. Bärik gel! Come here! Bärik girmek üçin ýörite rugsat gerek. In order to come in here you need special permission.

bäs   v. overcome. gazabyňa bäs gelmek not be able to control one's anger.

bäsdeş   n. rival, competitor. bäsdeş ýaşlar young competitors.

bäsdeşlik   n. rivalry, competition. ~ etmek to compete (with in), rival (in).

bäsleşmek   v. to compete (with in) rival (in). bäsleşip işlemek to compete at work.

bäş   num. five. Musa pygamber bäş kitap ýazdy. The prophet Moses wrote five books. Called the Töwrat (Torah).

bäş barmagy ýaly belet   to know everything about something.

bäşinji   num ord. fifth.

bäşinji gün   n. Friday.

bäşlik   n. 1 • five, number five (bus, etc.)

2 • an A (grade), a first. ~ baha alýarsyňmy? Are you getting top grades? Okuwgy taryh sapagyndan bäşlik aldy. The pupil got an A for history.

3 • five (pound/manat, etc.) note, a fiver. Bäşlik alýarsyňmy? Will you take a fiver?

biabraý   [bia:braý] adj. disgraceful, shameful. ~ bolmak to disgrace oneself, be covered with shame. ~ etmek to disgrace, discredit, defame.

biagyrylyk   [bia:gyrylyk] n. light-heartedness, carelessness, 'no worries'.

bialaç   [bi:ala:ç] adv. willy-nilly, like it or not, against one's will. Ol bialaç boýun boldy. He submitted whether he wanted to or not.

biçak   [bi:çak] very, too.

biçimçi   n. cutter, tailor, seamstress. the person who cuts out the pieces of material in the correct shape for the tailor or seamstress to sow them together.

biçmek1   v. to cut, cut out. geýim ~ to cut cloth for a material. etjek işleriň planyny ~ to prepare the plan for future work.

biçmek2   v. to castrate, geld.

biderek   [bi:derek] adj. 1 • useless, in vain, of no use. ~ wagtyňy ýitirmek to waste one's time. ~ ýere about/over nothing, to no purpose. Sen biderek ýere gaharlanýarsyň. You get angry about/over nothing.

2 • good-for-nothing, useless. ~ adam useless person.

bidin   [bi:di:n] adj. 1 • without permission, without consent. menden ~ without my knowledge, without my consent.

2 • unreligious, without any religious beliefs.

bidüzgün   [bi:düzgün] adj. disorderly, confused, untidy. ~ edara disorderly office. ~ ekilen baglar disordered garden.

bigäne   [bi:gäne] n. lazy, without work.

bigünä   [bi:günä] adj. innocent, not guilty. Çagalar öýündäki bigünä çagalara nebsim agyrýar. It upsets me when I see innocent children in an orphanage.

bihabar   [bi:habar] adj. uninformed, ill-informed, unaware (of). dünýäden bihabar bolmak to be unaware of what is going on around the world. ~ galmak not be informed. Täze kanun çykanyndan men bihabar. I'm not aware of the new law.

bijaý1   [bi:ja:ý] adj. too, very much, excessive. Men bu oýny ~ haladym. Ol ~ gaty gitdi.

1 • extremely, very. Haly muzeýnde bijaý owadan türkmen halylary bar. Berekella sen bijaý gowy çykyş etdiň. Serdar sen şol gyzy urup bijaý hereket etdiň.

2 • too much, excessive. Günüň dowamynda on bäş sagat işlemek bijaý kän. Bişiren naharymy bijaý duzlapdyrn.

adv. excessively. Gunçaň işleýşini Serdar bijaý oýkündi.

bijaý2   [bi:ja:ý] adj. uncomfortable, awkward, inconvenient, inappropriate.

1 • uncomfortable. Meniň ýasdygym bijaý gatylygy üçin boýnymy agyrtýar.

2 • inconvenient. Biz bijaý ýerde ýaşaýarys, imit almaga gitmek üçin 2 km ýoly ýoremeli. Biziň üçardaky uüçaly reýsimiz bijaý wagtda, daňdan sagat üçde.

3 • awkward. Maşyny bijaý ýerde goýdym, beýleki maşynlara geçmäge päskel berip dur. Sen meni bijaý ýagdaýda goýdyň, enem-atamyň ýanynda ýalançy etdiň.

4 • inappropriate. Çeper filimde bijaý ýer düşenligi sebäpli, filmiň soňyny çagalara görkezmedim.

adv. 1 • uncomfortably, awkwardly. Zalda maňa erbet orun düşdi, menem bijaý oturup, boýnymy gyra sündürmeli boldym. Nahar gyzgyn bolanlygy üçin iýmek bijaý. Stolyň başynda nahar iýip otursaň soň ýerde oturmak bijaý.

2 • poorly, improperly. Maşyny bijaý sürüp, awariýa düşdi. Panjiräni bijaý süpüripdir, tegmilleri duran ýerlerinde dur. Aýagyny agyrdanlygy sebäpli türgenlesikde Myrat bijaý ylgady.

bije   [bi:je] n. lot. ~ atmak to cast lots. ~ çekmek to draw lots (e.g. straws). Bijeli oglan aglamaz. nakyl The boy who wins won't cry. Oýun başlamazdan öň, bije atmaly. Before starting the game you need to cast lots.

bikanun   [bi:ka:nu:n] adj. illegal, illicit. Goňşymyz jemgiýeltçilik tertip-düzgini bozyp, bikanun hereket edýär. Goňşymyz biziň aýak ujymyzdaky mellek ýerimizi bikanun eýeledi. Teroristler uçary basyp alyp, bikanun talaplary etdiler. See: kanunsyz.

bikarar   [bi:kara:r] adj. uneasy, restless, impatient. bikarar bolmak Işden gijä galyp gelsem ejem bikarar bolup garaşýar. Meniň jigim bikarar, ol bir zada köp garaşyp bilenok.

bike   [bi:ke] n. landlady, mistress (of the house). ~sine äsgermezlik etmek to show contempt for one's landlady, to disrespect the mistress.

bikär   [bi:kär] adj. idle. ~ adam Bikärden taňry bizar. nakyl God will make you tired of being idle. Magsat bikär durmyşda ýaşamagy isleýär. Magsat wants an idle life.

bil   [bi:l] n. waist. biliň agyrmak for one to have (lower) back ache. Taýyp ýykylamda bilimi agyrtdym. inçe billi gyz narrow-waisted girl. Dil bilen orak orsaň, ~ agyrmaz nakyl If you harvest with your tongue, your back won't hurt.

bil baglamak    Şu gün altmyş kile pagta ýygmaga bilimi bagladym. Today I decided to collect sixty kilos of cotton.

~ ýazmak   to rest (sitting or lying down).

~ bükmek   to be bent over, to be drained (phys. and/or emotional).

biliňden önmek   

bili gelmek/açylmak   to have one's monthy period.

bilbil   n. nightingale. Haýwanlar bagynda bilbil guşyny gördik. Bilbil guşlar owazly aýdym aýtýar.

bildiriş   n. 1 • announcement, notice. ~ tagtasy notice board. ~ bermek Bildiriş ermek üçin, gazet we žurnal çap edilýän kärhana bardym. Kakama gulluga gitýänligimi bildiriş etmek üçin, powestkany görkozdim.

2 • advertisement.

bildirmek   v. 1 • to let someone know, inform.

2 • to express. minnetdarlyk ~ to express one's thanks.

1 •  Men işde eglenjekdigimi öýe bildirdim. Indiki aý toý boljagyny garyndaşlarymyza bildirdik. Dynç alyş rugsadymy aljakdygymy oňinden işdeşlerime bildirdim.

2 •  Onuň tolgunýandygy bildirýärdi. Men işden ýadaw gelenligim ýüzimden bildirdi. Toýda ýaş juwanlaryň tolgunýandyklary ýüzlerinden bildirýärdi. Konferensiýa gowy taýynlyk görüp özümi gowy tarapdan bildirdim.

3 •  Ol öz razylygyny hat üsti bilen bildirdi. minnetdarlyk ~ Dostumyň toýynda begenjimi gutlag üsti bilen bildirdim. Goňşymyzyň atasy ýögalanda, men oňa gynanjymy bildirdim. Toýda hyzmat eden oglan gyzlara öý eýesi minnetdarlyk bildirdi.

bile   adj. together, with (accompaniment), along with. Oraz onuň bilen bile okapdyr. Oraz studied with him. Zawoda işe girmäge dostum bilen bile bardym. Ýaş sogany çörek bilen bile iýseň süýji bolýar. Suwda ýüzeňde iki eliň bile hereket etmeli.

bilek   n. wrist. Elimiň bilegine owadan alaja dakdym. Agyr halta goteremde bilegimi agyrtdym.

bileleşik   n. union, association. Haýwanlar goraýjy bileleşiginde ýygnak geçirildi. Çeperçilik bileleşigi açyldy.

bileleşmek   v. to unite, join, combine. Doganlarym bilen jaý guramyzda bileleşip işledik. Kerpiç we symunt zawot bileleşende, köp adam işden çykaryldy. Hemmämiz bileleşip maşyny batgydan çykardyk.

bilelikde   adv. together, in common, jointly, in conference. ~ öndürilýän önüm Işdeşler bilen bilelikde başlygyň dogylan gününe garaşylmadyk sowgat etdik. Klasdaşlar bilen bilelikde çeken şekilimiz ýaryşda birinji ýer aldy.

bilen   post. 1 • and. nahary çemçe ~ iýmek otly ~ gitmek

2 • with, together with. çaý ~ gant

bileni-biteni   adv. all that he has ever known, all that he knows. Seniň bileniň-biteniň aýdym. The only song you know. Goňşymyzyň bileni-biteni melleginde gül ekmek. Daýzamyň bileni-biteni iliň gyýbatyny etmek.

bilet   [bi'let] n. 1 • ticket. çaga bileti children's ticket. Bilet kassasyna nobata birinji durdym. Uçara bilet bolmansoň, otla aldym. Kiçi wagtym kakam lotoreýa bileti bilen maşyn utany ýadymda.

2 • card. agzalyk bileti

3 •  Ekzamende gowy ~ çekdim. Ekzamen biletlerini boýdan başa öwrendim.

bilgiç   n. seer, fortune-teller. Men bilgiç adamlara ynanamok. Özine bilgiç diýän adamlar köplenç ýalançy bolyp çykýar.

bilgin   v. know this. See: bilmek.

bilguşak   [bi:lguşak] n. cummerbund, waist-sash, (cloth) belt. Ejem kakama keşteli bilguşak tikip beripdi. Muzeýde gadymky gymmat baha daşlar bilen bejerlen bilguşaklary gördüm..

bilim   [bilim] n. 1 • knowledge.

2 • education. başlangyç ~ primary/elementary education. orta ~ secondary education. ~ almak be educated. ~ bermek educate.

1 1 •  ~ almak ~ bermek Çagalaň bilimini barlamak üçin mugallym şu gün klasda barlag işini geçirdi. Bilegi bolan birini ýykar, bilimi bolan-müňini.

2 •  başlangyç ~ orta ~ Men medesina bilimini almany höwes edýärdim. Çagalarymy umumy bilim berýän mekdebe berdim.

bilimli   adj. educated, literate. Kärhana gelen täze işgär ökte ýokary bilimli oglan. Maksadyň alan gelni ýökary bilimli gyz.

bilinmek   v. to be known.

bilmek   v. 1 • to know by heart. Men Mary şäherini gowy bilýarin, sebäbi köp wagtdan bäri ýaşap ýorin. Men kasam bilen gimni ýatdan bilýärin.

2 • to learn. Sapagy oňat bilmek üçin agşam öwrenip geldim. I came home in order to learn the lesson properly.

3 • to recognize. Onuň kimdigini bildik. We knew who he was. Her kim öz işini bilmeli. Everyone should know their own work.

4 • to discover. William Gilbert birinji bilen açyş edip elektrik togyny bildi. William Gilbert was the first to discover electricity.

bilip goýmak   to keep in mind, to remember, know. Bilip goý şu gün sapagyňy etmeseň ertir seýil bagyna gideňok. Know this, if you don't do today's lesson you won't be going to the park.

modal. can, to be able to. Men özüm edip bilýärin. I can do that myself. Dostumyň adresini ahyr tapyp bildim. In the end I was able to find out my friend's address. ýazyp ~ to be able to write. dokap ~ to be able to weave. Men türkmen haly dokap bilýärin. I can weave Turkmen rugs. Men palawy oňat hem süýji bişirip bilýärin. I can cook good and tasty pilau.

bilmezden   adv. by accident, accidentally, inadvertently. Bir zady bilmezden öň aýtmak bolmaz. Çöplenen kömelekleriň nähilidigini bilmezden oň iýmek bolanok. Ogurlygy kimiň edenligini bilmezden öň, bigünä adama tohmet atmaly däl.

bilmezlik   n. ignorance, lack of knowledge. rus dilini ~ lack of knowledge in Russian. bilmezlige salmak to pretend as if one knows nothing. Meniň kiçijik jigim mekir, bilmezlige salyp edesi gelen zadyny edýär. Bilmezlige salyp lukmanyň kabinetine köwişli girdim. Kopçilikde bilmezlige salan kişi bolup, adamlaň göwnine degip aýtjagyny aýdyp otyr.

bimahal   [bi:mahal] adj. Barlagçylar bimahal wagt geldiler. Gündiz bimahal ýatyp, gije wagty bilen uklap bilmedim. Myhmançylyga bimahal barmak gelşiksiz. See: biwagt.

bimamla   [bi:mamla] adj. wrong, incorrect. bimamla adam Öziniň bimamlydygyny boýnyna alanok. Bimamladygyny bilip ýüzini aşak salyp dur.

bimaza   [bi:maza:] adj. 1 • mischievous, restless. ~ çaga restless child. Tomus penjirmiziň öňinde oýnap ýören bimaza çagalaň sesi eşdilýär. Aýlar bäbek wagty örän bimazady.

2 • disturbing, anxious, restive. ~ etmek to disturb. ~ bolmak to be anxious. Günertan aýdymy gaty diňläp, mamamyň ukysyny bimaza etdim. Keselhanadaky hassalary bimaza etmez ýaly içine adam goýberlenok.

bina   [bina:] n. 1 • building, structure. belent ~ Türkmenistan döwletinde häzirki döwirde beýik binalar gurulýar. Şäherde baky gahrymanlar üçin beýik ýadygärlik binasy guryldy.

2 •  binany berkden tutmak

binamys   [bi:na:mys] adj. shameless. impudent, brazen, insolent. ~ adam shameless man. Binamysa günde baýram, günde toý. nakyl Binamys adama aýdylan - diýilen ýokanok. Binamyslyga salyp çagyrylmadyk ýere barýar.

binýat   [binýa:t] n. foundation.

biparh   [bi:parh] adv. makes no difference; being indifferent. Meniň üçin gyşy-ýazy biparh. Okasaň öziň üçin okaýaň, meniň üçin biparh.

biparhlyk   [bi:parhlyk] n. indifference, apathy; lack of difference.

biperwaý   [bi:perwa:ý] adj. indifferent. ~ garamak to treat with indifference. ~bolmak to be indifferent (to). Oňa aýdanyň-aýtmanyň biperwaý. Sükür Selbiniň özini gowy görýänligini bilsede oňa biperwaý garaýardy.

biperwaýlyk   [bi:perwa:ýlyk] n. indifference. ~ etmek to treat with indifference. Biperwaýlyk edip adamyň gownine degmek gowy däl. Adam biperwaýlyk düşiüjesi bilen, ters zadyň üstüne baryp bilýär.

bir   num. 1 • one, a. Sygyrymyz bir göle dogdy. Our cow gave birth to a calf. Ogly atasyna meňzeş, bir almany iki böleniň ýaly. The son resembles his father so much it's like two halves of an apple.

2 • so. Irden tursak ýere bir giden gar ýagypdyr. In the morning so much snow had fallen on the hard ground.

biri   one of (them); someone.

kimde biri   someone. birini bersene! please give me one of them! biri geldi someone's come.

birimiz   one of us. birinden from someone; from one of them.

bir-biri(ni)   one another, each other.

bir-birine   to/for each other. Bir-biriňe kömek et! Help one another!

bir özi   alone. Selbi çagalardan gizlenip bir özi oýnap otyr. Selbi hid herself from the children, and sat alone thinking.

bir özüňe   for yourself. Men berhizliligim sebäpli nahary bir özüme üçin bişirdim. Because I was on a diet I cooked food for just me.

şeýle bir   so very. Şeýle bir owadan görmäge göz gerek. It's so beautiful you have to see it.

~ agza bakmak   

~ almany iki bölen ýaly   

~ gez beýgelmek   

~ gözde görmek   

~ gysym bolmak   

~ ýaňalyk bolmak   

~ çukura tüýkürmek   

~ gezek   once, one time. Bir gezek klasdaşlar bolup Sankt-Peterburg şäherine gezelenje gitdik. Bir gezek tans edemde ýykyldym, şondan soň aýagym agyryp tans edemok. Ömrümde bir gezek uçara münip gördim. Sagadymy düzenimden soň günde sagat birde bir gezek aýdym aýdýar.

~ demde   in a flash, in a moment.

~ hasapdan   

~ derejede   at one level, rank.

~ wagtda   once.

~ zat   one thing, something.

biri   one (of them).

kimdir biri   someone. birini bersene! Joram bilen bir-birimize garaşyp, okuwa bile gitýärs. Bedenterbiýe sapagynga bir-birimiz bilen çapyşyp ylgadyk. Adamlar bir-birine kömek edip ýaşamaly.

biragyzdan   adv. unanimously.

birahatlyk   [bi:rahatlyk] n. anxiety, lack of peace.

biraz   [bira:z] adj. a little. Ýene biraz garaşsak, dukan açylar. Biraz dynç alanymdan soň nahar bişirjek. Biraz kelläm agyrýar.

birazajyk   [bira:zajyk] n. a little bit. Birasajyk çaý guý. Birazajyk oýnap öýe bar. Birazajyk garaşyp otyrsaň somsa bişer.

birbada   [birba:da] adj. first, at first. Birbada gorkdum. Birbada gapçygym ýitdimikä diýdim. Maşyn birbada ot almady. Birbada daýymy tanamadym.

birçak   adj. long ago. Uçar birçak gondy. Oýun birçak başlady. Men işe birçak geldim. Bu ojak birçakdan bäri şu ýerde dur.

birden   adv. suddenly, all of a sudden, unexpectedly. Ot birden güpläp gitdi. It birden üstime topuldy. Buzyň üstinde häzir bolmasaň, ol birden çat açyp döwilip bilýär.

birdenkä   adv. all of a sudden. Birdenkä seniň di*niň bolmaz. Birdenkä ýagyş ýagsa, zontigiň geregi çykar.

birehim   [bi:rehim] adj. brutal, merciless, ruthless, cruel, relentless. Guwanç örän birehim, ol it pişikleri urup, depip ýör. Jenaýaty birehim adamlar etýär. Ejizi uryp, sökýän birehim adamlar hudaýdan gorkanok.

birentek   adj. some, several. ~ mesele ~ adam Birentek adamlar burçly nahary gowy görýärler. Birentek owalarda keselhana ýök. Birentek işler edilmän galdy.

bireýýäm   adj. Bu ~ edilmelidi. Köýnek bireýýäm tikilip taýyn boldy. Sen maňa haýyşt edeniňden, bireýýäm dukana öziň gidip gelerdiň. Otly bireýýäm ugrady. See: birwagt.

birgiden   pron. loads of. Birgiden ýere bugdaý ekdik. Aýdym sapagynda birgiden aýdymlary öwretdiler. Çagalar birgiden alma ýygdylar.

birhili   [birhi:li] adj. 1 • a kind of, something like; strange kind of, unusual sort of.

2 • somehow, somewhat. Otagyň içi birhili garaňky.

3 • different. Her kim ~ oýlanýar.

4 • something like. Birhili göwnime bolmasa biri gygyran ýaly boldy.

5 • strange, unusual. Lukman ýüzime birhili ýylgyryp seretdi. Bu çeper filmi birhili düşniksiz gördim.

Biribar   [bi:riba:r] n. God; the One who is; Oneness.

birigün   [bi:rigün] adv. the day after tomorrow. Men birigün işe çykmaly. Kärhanamyzyň bildiriş tagtasynda, birigün ýowar bolýar diýip ýazyk. Birigün meniň dogylan günim.

birikdirilmek   v. to be joined, be united, be combined.

birikdirmek   [bi:rikdirmek] v. to combine, join, unite, connect, put through. Kärhanalary birikdirmek üçin, birgiden kepilnama we şertnamalary taýynlamaly. Iki tok symy birikdirmek üçin, eliňe ýörite ellik geýmeli. Okuwçylaň sany azlygy sebapli, iki synpy birikdirmeli.

birikme   n. 1 • joining, junction, combination, compound. harby birikme

2 • formation (military).

birin-birin   [bi:ri:n-bi:ri:n] adj. in detail, one by one, from the very beginning, without missing anything out. birin-birin görüp çykmak Hemme bolan zady birin-birin aýdyp berdim. Kepilnamalaryň baryny täzeden birin-birin barladym. Ýumurtgalaryň döwilen ýada dowilmedigini birin-birin elden geçirip barladym.

birinji   num ord. first. Birinji alan maşynymyzyň reňki akdy. Men nahary birinji iýip boldym. Siz daşary ýurtda birinji gezekmi?

birinjiden   adv. firstly, first of all, in the first place. Birinjiden sapaklary etmeli, soňra oýnamaly. Birinjiden analiziňi görmeli, ikinjiden bolsa gerekli dermanlary ýazmaly. Birinjidenä saňa ynanamok.

birinjilik   n. first place, championship. birinjilik üçin Ylgamak ýaryşynda men birinjilik gelip baýraga mynasyp boldym.

birinji gün   n. Monday, first day. Hepdäniň birinji güni men işe çykmaly. Meniň birinji iş günim örän gowy geçdi.

birža   ['birža] n. exchange - work exchange, stock exchange. Şu wagtky işimi biržaň üsti bilen tapdym. Men biržada hasapda durn.

birkemsiz   adj. irreproachable, blameless, unstained, stainless. ~ iş irreproachable work. Birkemňiz gözel bolmaz. nakyl Buýrylan işi birkemsiz ýerine etirdim. Muzeýda birkemsiz, ajaýyp şekil gördim.

birleşdirmek   v. unite two parties, join two parties together, combine.

birleşik   n. union, society, association, alliance.

birleşmek   v. to be united, be joined, come together. Bize ~ gerek. Birleşen Ýurtlar the United Nations. Birleşen Patyşalyk the United Kingdom. England, Scotland, Wales, and N. Ireland. Amerikanyň Birleşen Ştatlary the United States of America.

birlik   n. 1 • unity. sport guramalarynyň birligi pikir birligi

2 • unit. Birlik hudaýa ýagşy. nakyl

3 • one (mark). ölçeg birligi ~ san singular.

birlikde   adv. together, jointly. güýç ~

birmahal   adj. once, at one time. See: birwagt.

birmeňzeş   adj. similar, the same.

birnäçe   adj. several.

birsalym   adv. briefly, for a short while.

birsydyrgyn   [birsydyrgy:n] adj. in consecutive order. Ýel ~ öwüsýär.

birsyhly   [birsy:hly] adv. continuously, continually, uninterruptedly, Bilimiňi birsyhly artdyrmaly.

birtaraplaýyn   adj. one way, one sided, unilateral. ~ hereket one way traffic. meselä ~ garamak

birtopar   n. many, several.

birugsat   [bi:rugsat] n. without permission.

birwagt   adj. long ago, a long time ago, once (upon a time). Men ony birwagt görüpdim. I saw him a very long time ago.

birwagtlaýyn   adv. once, one time.

birýyllyk   adj. a year's, twelve months, for a year, annual, yearly. ~ ekin

Bismilla   [bismilla:] interj. in the name of Allah. said at the beginning of many prayers e.g. grace said after a meal.

bişen   adj. 1 • ripe. bişen gawun ripe melon.

2 • cooked. ~ kerpiç

3 • mature.

bişirmek   v. to cook, prepare; to bake. nan bişirmek to bake bread.

bişmedik   n. raw, uncooked, unripe.

bişmek   v. 1 • to be cooked, be prepared. bişen ~ boiled egg.

2 • to ripen. Almalar bişdi. The apples are ripe. Naharyň bişmegi üçin wagt gerek. Almalar bişdi. Günüň aşagynda bişdim.

agzyň ~   

bitarap   [bi:tarap] adj. neutral. Türkmenistan bitarap döwletdir. Turkmenistan is a neutral country.

bitaraplyk   [bi:taraplyk] n. 1 • neutrality. 1995-nji ýylyň 12-nji dekabrynda Türkmenistan hemişelik bitaraplyk statusyny aldy. In December 12, 1995 Turkmenistan obtained the status of permanent neutrality.

2 • December.

bitaý   [bi:ta:ý] adj. odd, unpaired. ~ köwüş odd shoes.

bitewi   adj. common, indivisible, inseparable. See: bitin. ykdysadyýetiň bitewi ugry

bitginli   adj. productive (harvest), high-yielding (crops).

bitin   [biti:n] adj. whole, entire. Başyňdan sadaka aýdylan çöregi bitinligine bermeli. Toýlarda saçagyň üstüne bitin çapady bilen pişme goýylýar. Elimden gaçan käse bitin galdy.

bitirmek   v. 1 • to carry out, fulfil, do (write, etc.) Ýaş oglanlar gullyk borjyny bitirmek üçin harby bölüme bardylar. Ejemiň sargap giden işlerini bitirenimden soň, deňduşlarym bilen oýnamaga çykdym.

2 • to be conditional (on).

bitmek   v. 1 • be fulfilled, be carried out. Meniň haýyşym bitdi.

2 • grow. Ekin suw bilen bitýär.

3 • to heal, close up, heal over. Tyg ýarasy bitýär.

4 • to become obstructed/cluttered (with something). Turba posdan bitipdir.

aýak ~   

göwnüň ~   

diýeniň ~   

dil ~   

biwagt   [bi:wagt] adv. 1 • prematurely, untimely, suddenly. Işden biwagt çykanyma ökünýarin, ýenede alty aý işlýmelikenim. Garaşylmadyk myhman biwagt geldi, gije sagat onbirde. Biwagt, sagat öýlän altydan sekize çenli ýatsaň halananok.

2 • inopportune, ill-timed, out of season, not in time, Batyryň ejesi biwagt aradan çykanlygy üçin , ony daýzasy özine ogullyk edip aldy. Ejem ýaş biwagt aradan çykdy.

biwatan   [bi:watan] n. homeless, without a country.

biwepa   [bi:wepa:] adj. unfaithful, disloyal, faithless. It wepaly, heleý biwepa. nakyl Dostym söýgilisiniň biwepalygyny bilip, onuň bilen arasyny açdy.

biwepalyk   [bi:wepa:lyk] n. adultery, infidelity, unfaithfulness. Köp adamlar biwepalygy bagyşlamaýarlar. Köp maşgalada biwepalygy geçirimlilik edip çagalary üçin ýaşaýarlar.

biygtyýar   [bi:ygtyýar] adj. Berhizde bolsamam biygtyýar süýjini agzyma salanymy bilmän galýaryn. Adamlar biygtyýar gaharyna erbet zadyn üstüne baryp bilýar.

adv. involuntary, unintentional. Gaharym gelip dursada, kiçi çaga görsem biygtyýar ýylgyrýan. Şähtim açylan wagtlary biygtyýar gygyryp aýdym aýtýaryn.

biynjalyk   [bi:y:njalyk] adj. restless, uneasy, restive, anxious, disturbing.

~ bolmak   to be anxious, worry about.

~ etmek   to disturb. Ertirki boljak ekzamenime tutuş gije biynjalyk bolyp ýatyp bilmedim. Aslynda mydama biynjalyk bolmak meniň häsiýetimde bar. Bişiren palawyň duzy boldymyka oýdip biynjalyk boldym.

biz   [biz] pron. we. biziňki ours. biziň our, of us.

bizar   [bi:za:r] adj. be tired, be fed up. Hapisa goňşymdan bizar boldym. Tiziräk howa ýylaýmasa, sowykdan bizar boldym. Keselimden açylanyma begenýarin.

bizar-peteň   [bi:za:r-peteň] adj. boring, tiresome.

~ etmek   to wear (someone, sth.) out. Goňşymyň gaty diňleýan rok aýdymynyň sesinden bizar-peteň boldym. Gijelerine itimiz ürip bizar-peteň edýar.

blank   n. (blank) form. Gaz we elektrik çyrasynyň blankasyny doldyryp banka tölemäge bardym. Kepilnama blankasyny kserokopiýadan köpeltdim.

bogaz1   adj. pregnant. Sygyrymyz bogaz bolanlygy üçin, sagamzok. Goýyn soýylmazdan öň bogazmy dälmi barlanylýar, sebäbi bogaz mal soýmak günä.

bogaz2   n. 1 • channel, gulf. Geografiýa sapagynda Bering bogazyny kartada tapanlygym üçin mugallym meni ögdi.

2 • throat. Söýgüli hokeý komandam ýaryşda utanda begenjime bogazyma sygdygyndan gygyryp sesimi zaýaladym. Bogazym agyranda bejermek üçin mamam ary bal ýapýardy.

bogmak   v. 1 • to bind, tie up, bundle. Bugdaýly haltaň agzyny bogyp, araba ýükledik. Bede dessesini bogyp, kümä salyp gyşa taýynlyk görýaris.

2 • to strangle, throttle. Agşam gölämiz öz boýnundaky ýüpine bogylyp galypdyr. Nahar iýip otyrkam nana düginip bokyrdagym bogylyp helk boldym.

1 •  haltanyň agzyny bogmak desse ~

2 •  Birden galan gyzgyn bokurdagymy bogdy.

3 •  dürli pikirleri ~

bognamak   v. to saw. Guran agaçlary bognamak üçin byjgy alyp geldim. Azat tokaýdan getirlen agaçlary bognamaga çykdy.

bogulmak   v. 1 • to choke, suffocate, pant, be strangled (by), gasp (for.

2 • to become hoarse.

1 •  Gazetde bir kiçi çaga bil guşagy boýnyna dakyp, çykaryp bilmän bogulyp galanyny çap etdiler. Dem gysma adamlarkkämahal üsküligine bogulyp bilýarler.

2 •  Ýanymda çilim çekseler bokurdagym bogulýar. Hamamda köp otursam yssydan ýaňa bogulýan. Demgysma adamlara ylgamak gadagan , sebäbi olaryň derrew bokurdagy bogulýar.

3 •  Iki sany doňdyrma iýenimden soň sesim bogulyp, gepläp bilmedim. Gyşda suwa ýykylanymdan soň sesim bogulyp, gepläp bilmedim.

4 •  Ýeke partiýaly syýasat ynsanyň erk-ygtyýaryny bogýar.

bogun   n. 1 • joint. Aýal doganymyň bogunlary agyransoň, her ýyl özini bejertmeli bolýar. Häzirki döwürde bogun agyrsyny bejerýan ýaglar we dermanlaryň her dürlisi bar. Mollagara sanatoriýasynda bogun agyrly adamlary gyzgyn palçyk bilen bejerýarler.

~ agyrysy   rheumatism.

2 • articulation. Ors dilinde iki bogunly sözleri öwrenmek aňsat bolmady. Şu günki ene dilinde geçen temamyz ýapyk bogunlary boldy.

3 • node. Gamyş bogun-bogun bolup ösýär.

4 • syllable. ýapyk we açyk ~ closed and open syllables. ~ ölçegi

bogny ysmazlyk   

bokurdak   n. throat. Agşam erbet düýş görip, bokurdagym gurap oýanypdyrn. Bokurdagym agyranda gyzgyn süýt bilen burçy garyp içýarin.

bol   adj. rich, abundant, plentiful, lavish. Şu ýylky bugdaý hasylymyz bol bolsyn diýip Hudaý ýolyna sadaka aýtdym. Aşpezçi edip eli bol adamy bellemeli, sebäbi ol hiç zady gysganman nahara dürli dümen zatlary bol edip salýar. Goňşymyz ak goýyn toýyny uludan tutup, iýeri-içeri bol edip paýlady.

bolamak   v. to become abundant/plentiful. Türkmenistan Garaşsyzlyk alandan soň, öz öndirýän harytlary merkezi bazarlarda we dukanlarda bolady. Tomus gök önümler bolanda, olaryň bahasy arzanlaýar.

bolçulyk   n. abundance, plenty, profusion. Bir gytçylygyň bir bolçulygy. nakyl Süýji kökäň bolçulygyna gözim düşip, näme aljagymy bilmedim.

bolelin   [boleli:n] n, adj. abundance; abundant. Sanatoriýada dynç alamyzda, bizi bolelin iýmitlendirdiler, ugrumyza seretdiler. Bolelinçilikde ýaşamak üçin azap çekip işlemeli.

bolgusyz   adj. stupid, useless, good-for-nothing, pointless. Bolgysyz adamyň edýan hereketi düşnüksiz. Bolgusyz gürrüňi bes et! Bolgusyz ýaňrap kellämi biderek gürrüňler bilen agyrtma.

bolluk   n. abundance.

bolmak   v. 1 • to be insufficient. bolmazlyk absence. ýok bolmazlyk Ol Angliýada boldy. S/he was in England (for a while). iki bolup together, two-of-us/you/them.

2 • to be born. Oňa ogul boldy. He/they had a son.

3 • to become, grow, happen, occur, take place. eýe bolmak to acquire, become the owner of. bolup geçmek to happen. Şeýle bolup çykdy. That's how it happened. kiçi bolmak to grow small, to reduce in size. Bu uly bir waka bolupdy. A major event took place.

4 • to finish. Boldy! That's all! Indi boldy! Now (at last) it's finished! Men iýip içip boldum. I've had enough to eat and drink.

5 • to be possible.

6 •  öldürjek bolmak to try to kill.

2 • 

bolmasa   conj. otherwise, or (else). Howluk, bolmasa ýetişmersiň!

bolsa   conj. whereas; if; conditional present tense of 'to be'.

boluş   n. behaviour, conduct, habit. Boluşyň dagyn näteňet, utanaňokmy? Şu boluşyň göwnüňe jaýmy?

bomba   ['bomba] n. bomb. Ýer ýüzünde hiç kim, hiç wagt atom bombasyny ulanmasyn. Obamyzyň çetinde oglanjyklar oýnap ýörkäler uruşdan galan bombany tapdylar.

bombalamak   v. to bombard, bomb. Bombalamak diýen buýruk komandirden geldi. Uruş döwürinde obamyz bombalanandan soň köp jaýlar weýran boldy.

borç   [bo:rç] n. 1 • debt.

2 • duty, responsibility. borjuňy berjaý etmek to carry out one's duty, do one's duty.

3 •  Atalyk borjyny ýerine ýetirip çagalarymyň baryny bilimli etdim. Şu gidişiňe erbet işleseň, işden boşadarlar diýip öňinden aýtmagy öz borjym diýip hasap edýärin.

borçlanmak   [bo:rçlanmak] v. to pledge oneself, be under an obligation (to), commit.

borçly   [bo:rçly] adj. indebted. Enem-atam ýogalandan soň kiçi jiglerime seretmegi özimi borçly hasaplaýardym. Biriniň öňinde borçly bolmagy halamok.

borçnama   [bo:rçna:ma] n. obligation, engagement, commitment. Ýolbaşçymyz bir hepdelik dynç alşda bolanda, hemme borçnama orunbasara tabşyryldy. Maňa iş hödürlänlerinde maňa degişli borçnama kaýyl bolup şertnama gol çekdim.

bosaga   n. threshold. Türkmenlerde bosagada oturlsa halananok. Bosagadan ätlemänkäm süýji naharyň isini aldym.

bosgun   n. refugee, run-away, fugitive.

bosmak   v. to flee as a refugee, to leave en masse.

boş   adj. 1 • empty, vacant. Boş aap çanaklary ýuwmak üçin saçagyň üstünden çöpleşdirip aldym. Boş duran bedreleri suwdan doldurdym.

boş söz   talking rubbish, empty words, nonsense. Seniň beren wadalaryňa men indi ynanamok, olaryň hemmesi boş söz.

2 • free. Şu gün boş wagtym kän, bir ýerik aýlanmaga gitsemem bolýar. Maşynyňyzda boş ýer bar bolsa menem siz bilen bile gezelenje gitsemem bolýar. Fermaň golaýyndan geçip barýarkaň köplenç boş aýlanyp ýören mallara gabat gelýar.

boş gap Seniň hemme aýdanlaryň boş söz. ~ ýer barmy? ~ wagt ~ orun/ wezipe ~ kürsi ~ adam ~ ulag, maşyn ~ gezip ýören mallar ~ gep-gürrüňler

boşamak   v. 1 • to get untied, be freed. Şu gün işimiň känligi sebäpli, işdengiç boşadym. Bedreler boşan bolsa suwdan doldurmaly.

2 • to be dismissed, be let go, be fired, be sacked, be moved on. Aýal doganym durmuşa çykyp gidende öýiň içi boşap galan ýaly boldy. Eliň boş bolsa maňa kömek et.

3 • to become empty. Itimiz boşap goňşymyzy erbet gorkyzypdyr. Agşam gölämiz boşap mellekdki gok ekinleri baskylapdyr. Kino gutaran badyna zalyň içi boşady. Ol işden boşady. eliň ~ Öý boşady. It boşapdyr. Maşynyň tigri boşapdyr.

boşatmak   v. 1 • to free, set free.

2 • to empty. Kwartirant ýaşap oturan jaýymyzyň eýesi otagyny boşatmagymyzy haýyşt etdi. Wezipesinden boşatmaklaryny haýyşt etdi. Gyzym agşamlaryna bir süýtli çüýşäni boşatman ýatanok. içerini ~ wezipeden ~ daňylgy mallary ~

boşluk   n. empty space. Bu boşlyk ýere ysmalak oňat öser. Aç, suwsyz garnymyň boşlugyndan ýaňa tas özimden gidipdim.

boý   n. 1 • height. Gyzymyň boýy gysgalygy üçin atletika berdim. Klasdaşymyň boýy çaksyz uzyn bolanlygy sebäpli ýaman utanýardy. Täze salyp başlan jaýymyzyň boýy eýäm bir ýarym metre barypdyr. Inli matanyň boýy iki metr bolsa bir köýnek çykýar.

2 • bank, shore. Ýabyň boýynda tal agaçlar ösýar. Türkmen başy şäherine dynç almaga gidemde derýaniň boýyndaky jaýda ýaşadyk.

3 • unmarried. boý gyz unmarried woman; virgin.

ömür boýy   your entire life. Adamzat durmuşyny gowylandyrmak üçin ömür boýy zähmet çekýar. Şitilhanada ekilen limonlar ýyl boýy hasyl berýar.

ýyl boýy   all year.

boýag   n. paint, dye. Ak boýag alyp gapy we dereçeleri reňkledik. Saçyma haýsy reňk boýagy goýsam gelişçegini aýal dellegi bilen maslahatlaşdym.

boýamak   v. to colour, paint, dye, stain, make up. Saçymy hna boýamagy dellek maslahat berdi. Kanwa sapaklaryny boýamak üçin bazardan boýag getirdim. Goýynyň ýüňini boýap keçe dokaýarlar.

kirpikleriňi ~   to mascara one's eye-lashes.

boýdaş   n. 1 • (female) friend. Şu gün boýdaş joralarym bilen aýdym-saz konserine gitjek. Boýdaş gyzlar bilen pagta ýygmaga gidýarin.

2 • with the same height. Oglum ýene bir ýyldan meniň bilen boýdaş bolup öser. Kiçi jigim bilen boýymyz boýdaş, ol örän şat.

boýlamak   v. to plumb the depth of some water and find it deeper.

boýnuýogyn   [boýnuýo:gyn] adj. stiff-necked, proud.

boýun   n. 1 • neck. ~ egmek to bow down, serve.

2 • shore. derýanyň ~y the shore of the river.

boýun gaçyrmak   to refuse.

boýun almak   to acknowledge, admit, recognise. Gyzym kitaby ýyrtyp, gorkyjyna boýnyna almady. Eden işiňi boýnyňa alman, başka biriniň üstüne ýapmak utanç bilar. Başarmajak işiňi boýyn almaly däl.

boýun bolmak   to obey, submit to. Täze işe giremde kärhanaň şertlerine boýyn boldym. Tomus jogabynda klasymyzyň güllerini öýe getirip seretmegi boýun boldym. Boýyn bolan işiňi hökman etmeli.

boýun egmek   to obey. Ulumsy adamlar aňsat boýnyny egmeýarler. Uruş döwirinde nemyslara ýesir düşen esgerleriň boýyn egmedikleriň baryny öldirýardiler. Buýruga boýun egmedik esgerleriň etmişine görä temmisini alýardylar. Beýik Watançylyk urşunda sowetler nemyslaryň öňinde boýyn egmediler. Ýalançy kezzap adam hiç wagt ýalan sözlänini boýnuna almaýar. Boýnymyň damarlaryny sowukladyp, kellämi egip bilämok. Meniň boýnymda meň bar. (şu sözlem dogry däl hasaplaýaryn) Derýaň boýnyna dynç almaga gitdik.

boýnuna goýmak   

boýnuna atmak   

boýnuny sogurmak   

boýnuny towlamak   

boýnuna münmek   

boýunça   post. 1 • according to, in accordance/conformity/compliance. düzgün ~ hereket etmek kanun ~

2 • in the field of, in the sphere of. kompýuter ~ alym

3 • on, along. din ~ gürrüň bermek

boz   n, adj. virgin, uncultivated. Boz ýerlerini agdarmak kyn. Biziň ýanymyzda boş ýatan boz meýdan bar. ~ at

bozak   adj. broken. Bir ertekide bozak aýalyň erbet işleri üçin ary gözinden çokýar. Klasymyzdaky bozak oglan çagalary özara sögişdirip ýör.

bozgak   n. trouble-maker, rabble-rouser. Biziň köçämizde bozgak oglan ýaşaýar. Oýnap ýorkäk bozgak goňşymyz gelip barymyzy sögişdirip goýdy.

bozguç   n. eraser, (pencil) rubber. Mekdep esbaplarynyň içinde hökman bozguç bolmaly. Ejem birinji gezek bozguçly galam getirende men örän begendim.

bozmak   v. 1 • to destroy. Köne jaýymyzy bozyp ýerine täze jaý gurmaly. Gadymy bozylan ymaratlary täzeden dikeltmeli. Joram bilen çigit ýaljak zadyň üstünde öýkeleşip aramyz bozyldy.

2 • to mess up. Elimden sagady gaçyryp bozdym. Top oýnap ýorkäk dostym bilmezlikde goňşymyzyň aýnasyny döwip, bar oýny bozdy. Toýda köýnegime tort gaçyryp bar keýpimi bozdy.

3 • to erase, rub out. Galam bilen ýazsaň, ýalňyşyňy bozmak aňsat. Ýerde hek bilen çekilen suratlary, ýagyş ýagyp bozdy.

4 • to annul, cancel, abolish, break. Haýsydyr bir tarap şertnamany bozsa, şertnama baglaşygy bozulýar. Siz bilen şertnama bozmaga islämok.

bozuk   adj. messed-up, immoral. Bozuk ýatan arabany ussa oňartdyk. Telewizorymyz bozulany bäri, men täzeliklerden bihabar. Tikin maşynda galyň mata tikip, gaýmasy bozyldy.

ahlak taýdan bozuk aýal   prostitute. Ahlak taýdan bozyk aýallar uly güna gazanýarlar. Goňşymyzyň ogly biderek oglanlar bilen tirkeşip bozylyp gitdi.

bozulmak   v. 1 • to be broken. Gidip barýan maşynymyzyň nämedir bir zady bozulyp ýolda döwildi. Radionyň antenasy gowy işlemnsoň zol sesler üzlüm-saplym bolyp gelýar.

2 • to go to pieces, be devastated. Joramyň söýän oglany öýlenýndigini eşidip, joram erbet bozyldy. Jigimiň ekzamenlerden ýykylanlygyny eşidip erbet bozuldym. Mamam garrany bäpi begençli habar eşitsede bozylýar. Ýollar bozulypdyr. Radio bozuldy. Göwnüm bozuldy.

bökmek   v. to jump up and down, to buck. Ýüp bokmegi birinji klasda öwrenipdim. Ýabyň gyrasynda gurbagalar böküşip ýörler. Bökmesem agaçdaky alma elim ýetenok.

böldürmek   [bö:ldürmek] v. to split up, break. Pulymy böldürmek üçin banka bardym. I went to the bank to split up my note. Pulymyň ýetmedigi sebäpli dollary manada öwirip böldürmeli boldym.

bölek   [bö:lek] n. part, partly. Torty alty bölege böldik.

bölek-bölek   partially. Kiçijek pişigimiz gazedi bölek-bölek edip ýyrtyp oýnaýar.

böleklemek   [bö:leklemek] v. 1 • to change.

2 • to cut into pieces. Täze eti bölekläp hem duzlap goýsaň et tagamly bolýar. Gyşa öňinden taýarlyk görip odyny çapyp böleklemeli.

böleklenmek   [bö:leklenmek] v. 1 • (note) to be split. Bir partiýa böleklendi.

2 • to be cut into pieces or slices, to be divided. Daş böleklendi.

bölekletmek   [bö:lekletmek] v. 1 • to split. pul ~

2 • to have something divided, cut into smaller pieces. tort ~ to cut a cake.

bölmek   [bö:lmek] v. 1 • to slice, cut.

2 • to divide, share out. Alma satyp bar bolan söwdany ikä böldik. Hyýary ikä bölip arasyna duz sepip iýan. Sadaka aýdyp beren çöregimi bölip köçedäki çagalara paýladym. Çürän kartoşkany bir gapdala, gowysyny bir gapdala böldik. Ejemiň sözini bölmän diňläp oturdym. Çigit çakyp otyrkaň arasyny bölmek kyn. Işläňde zol goh galmagal bolsa pikiriň bölünip, işlemek kyn. Iri pulymy maýda böldirmesem çörek bilen süýt alara pul ýok. Toýda şaýlyk seçer ýaly manadymy böldirdim. Matematika sapagynda bölmek belgisini geçdik. On ikini dörde bolmek deňdir üç.

bölüm   [bö:lüm] n. 1 • department, section, division. Meniň daýym bölüm müdiri bolup işleýär. Keselhana iş sorap umumy bölümine bardym.

2 • part, section, slice, piece, chapter, act (theatre). Batyr institutyň gündizki bölüminde okaýar. Operaň birinji bölüminde ýanymdaky oturan adam uklady.

3 •  Ssuda almak üçin bankyň kredit bölümine barmaly.

4 •  Meniň doganym Duşak serhet bölüminde gulluk etdi.

bölünişik   [bö:lünişik] n. split, dissidence, demarcation, delimitation. Kärhanamyz batyp, auksiona goýylanda bölünişik başlandy. Pagta zawodynyň bölünişiginden soň köp adam dargap işsiz galdy.

bölünmek   [bö:lünmek] v. 1 • to break up, get broken, divide, get detached. Agaç ikä bölünip ýere gaçdy. Ýapdan geçýan paýaplymyz orta bilinden bölündi. Elimden garpyz gaçyp üç dört bölege bölündi.

2 • to separate. SSSR dargap, garaşyz döwletlere bölündi. Bölüneni böri iýer. nakyl Ekskursiýa gidemizde bäş topara bölündik. Toýyň ertesi güni geline baş salynanda, gelin gyzlar bölünip biri biriniň garşysyna göreşýarler. Çöldäki sürimizden bäş goýun bölünip, azaşyp möjeklere şam bolupdyrlar.

bölüşmek   [bö:lüşmek] v. to divide (into), share. Gyzyma kiçilikden gysganç bolman ýakyndar adamlaň bilen bölüşmegi öwretýan. Uly itimiz kiçijek güjüjigimiz bilen bölüşip iýmegi halanok.

börek   n. boerek. A Turkmen pasta dish rather like ravioli (Italian) or pelmini (Russian). Kädili börek birinji gezek iýip göremde beýle süýji bolýandyr öýtmändim. Aslynda börek orslaň milli nahary.

börük   [bö:rük] n. skull-cap. embroidered. Köp kişi ýalňyşyp gyzlaň tahýasyna börük diýärler. Gaýnatamyň ak goýyn toýyna börük sowgat berdim.

böwet   n. 1 • dam, weir. Mellegi suwarar ýaly ýapdan gelýan suwy böwetläp, özümize garşy akdyrdym. Böwetlenen suw joşyp üstinden akyp ugrady.

2 • obstacle, impediment. Meniň öňümde böwet bolma, men barybir giderin. Oglym bilen gelinimiň aralarynda böwet bolmaýyn diýip göçürdim.

~ bolmak   to prevent (from).

böwrek   n. kidneys. Category: anatomy. Böwregim agyryp başlany bäri, men düýe ýüňinden guşak guşanýaryn. Gyşga böwregimi sowukladyp keselhana düşdim.

böwür   n. 1 • side, flank. Bir ýerik gaty ylgasam iki böwrümem sanjyp başlaýar. Çep böwrüm sanjyp oturyp turamda agyrýar.

2 •  Täze galdyrlan jaýyň bir böwri çat açypdyr. Atam mydama tamyň düýbine geçip böwrini diňledip oturardy.

bu   [bu:] pron. this, it. ~ adam this person. ~ gezek this time. ~ ýyl this year. ~ gün-erte in the next few days. Ony alma, muny al! Don't buy that one, buy this one! munda[bu:] [bu] 

this, it. ~ adam this person. ~ gezek this time. ~ ýyl this year. ~ gün-erte in the next few days. Ony alma, muny al! Don't buy that one, buy this one! munda to this one. Munuň ýaly ýagdaý gündogar halklarynyň edebiýatynda juda seýrek duş gelýär. In a similar way the people from the east rarely read literature. Munuň bolşuny gör. Muňa seret! Muny gördüňmi? Munda zat ýok. Mundan gaç.

bug   [bu:g] n. steam. Gyşda gaty sowuk bolsa agzyňdan bug çykýar. Palow bişensoň buguna goýsaň örän tagamly bolýar. Biz hammamyň bugly jaýyna girdik.

bugarmak   [bu:garmak] v. to evaporate, exhale, turn into vapour, vaporise. Fizika sapagynda mugallym bugaryş prosesini görkezdi. Hammamdan çykaňda endamyň bugaryp dur.

bugdaý   n. wheat. Ak bugdaýdan bişirilen tamdyr nana geljek zat ýok. Bugdaý bişende hemmeleri oruma iberýarler.

buhgalter   [buh'galter] n. book-keeper, accountant. See: hasapçy.

buhgalteriýa   [buhgal'teriýa] n. accountants department. See: hasapçylyk bölüm.

bukja   n. 1 • small bag, case (pencil case).

2 • envelope.

3 • wardrobe of clothes. Täze geliniň getiren bukjasyny, hemmeler görip haýran galdylar. Gyzlar durmuşa çykmaka dokalan joraplar, çokaýlar, bejerlen geýimlerden bukjalaruna goýýarlar. Bazarda her-hili düýe ýünden dokalan bukjalar satylýar. Özüme açarlary salyp göterer ýaly bukja tikdim. Bir hepde bäri zerur kagyzly bukja garaşýan. Poçtalýon şadyýan habarly bukja getirdi.

bukmak   v. to hide, conceal. Çagalaň howpsyzlygy üçin derman därileri hökman el ýetmez ýerde bukup goýmaly. Gyzymyň dogulan gününe öňinden alyp goýan sowgadyny bukup goýdym. Bukup goýlan süýjini tapdym.

bukow   n. metal jewelry hung across a woman's neck (right under collar bone).

bukulmak   v. to hide, conceal oneself. birinden ~

buky   n. shelter, cover, dug-out. Uruşda gelin gyzlar we çagalar bukuda ýatyp halas bolýardylar. Goňşymyzyň jaýy ýananda, kiçi ogly gorkyjyna burça bukulyp zordan tapyldy.

~ ýer   hide-out, place of concealment.

bukuda oturmak   to wait in ambush.

bulagaý   n. trouble-maker, rabble-rouser, rebel. Bir adam serhoş bolup ýolda bulagaýçylygy üçin tussag edildi. Klasymyzdaky bulagaý oglan bilen hiç kim dost bolanok.

bulamak   n. thick soup made with added flour, pottage. Ejemiň mäşli we kädili bişirlen bulamagunu uly iştäm bilen iýerdim. Pagta çigidiniň ýagyna bişirlen bulamak bilen, sary ýaga bişirlen bulamagyň tagamy Ýer bilen gök ýaly tapawutly.

bulam-bujar   adj. 1 • entangled, obscure, complicated. Ýarym ýyldan bari, bulam-bujar jenaýat işini ahyryn çözildi.

2 • disorder, mess. Düýnki ýelden soň köçäň ugry kagyzdyr ýapraklar bulam-bujar bolup ýatyr. Ýatyp tursam saçym bulam-bujar bolup zordan daradym. Bulam-bujar bolup ýatan kagyzlaryň baryny saýhallap stolymyň üstini tertibe getirdim.

bulanmak   v. 1 • to become/grow turbid, dim. Suwa margansowka damdyrsaň, ýuwaş-ýuwaşdan suwyň reňki bulanyp ugraýar.

2 • to soil oneself, make oneself dirty. Joramyň häsýeti gowy däl, öz aýdany bolmasa bulanyp ugraýar. Köp çagalar irden çagalar bagyna bulanyp gidýarler. Ertirden bäri bulanyp ýoreniň sebäbi çeper filimiň göýberilmedigimi?

Ol eline pul düşenden bulanyp başlady.   

bulaşdyrmak   v. 1 • to confuse, complicate. Ýuwup seren eşiklerimiň barsyny şemal bulaşdyrdy. Saçagyň üstüne agdarlan çorbaly jam bar zady bulaşdyrdy. Jorap örip oturan ýumagymy kiçijek pişigimiz bulaşdyrypdyr.

2 • to mix, stir. Hasapçymyz bar hasaplary bulaşdyryp, baş hasapçydan käýenç aldy. Kakam meniň bar niýetimi bulaşdyryp, şähere gezelenje alyp gitdi. Ýel bar zady bulaşdyrdy. kofäni ~ hasaplary ~ pikirini ~

bulaşmak   v. 1 • to be complicated, be confusing.

2 • to get involved, interfere, meddle.

3 • to soil oneself, make oneself dirty.

4 • to get tangled.

5 • to worsen, get worse, go bad. Gaçyran ýalygym tozana bulaşyp ýatyr. Ýagyş ýagan güni taýyp palçyga bulaşdym. Geň göräýmeli jigim daşardan hapa bulaşman gelipdir. Howa maý aýynyň ortalaryna bulaşyp ugrady. Säher bilen gün çykyp duran asman öýlänlere bulutlar garalyp howa bulaşyp ugrady. Howalar bulaşmaka kartoşkalary ekmeli. Soňky döwür ýaltalygyndan ýaňa işleri bulaşyp ugrady. Onuň dosty erbet işlere başyny sokyp bulaşdy.

bulaşyk   adj. 1 • confused, tangled, muddled up. Süzek suwa saçymy ýugmasam, saçlarym bulaşyk. Bulaşyk meseläni kakam bilen zordan hasapladyk.

2 • confusing, obscure. ~ pikirler confusing thoughts.

3 • cloudy, dull. Birki gün bäri bulaşyk howa bolany üçin daşaryk aýlanmaga çykamok. Bazar gün bulaşyk howa bolmasa, dynç almaga meýdana çykmaly.

bulaýlamak   v. to wave, whisk, swing, wag. Daşdan gören jorama elimi bulaýladym. Biziň itimiz nahar beren wagtymyz öňimizde guýrugyny bulaýlaýar. Demir ýolda näsazlyk görseň, gelýan otla eliňe gyzyl mata alyp bulaýlamaly.

bulut   n. cloud. Asmandaky pagta ýaly ak bulutlary synlamany halaýan. Gün buludyň aharsyndan çykanda ýeriň ýüzi ýagtylyp gitdi.

buraw   n. gimlet, auger, drill, perforator. Ejem nebit gaz buraw ekspedisiýasynda aşpez bolup işledi. Beýik depä münseň çöldäki buraw wyşkasy görünýar.

burç1   n. pepper.

gara ~   black pepper.

gyzyl/ajy ~   chilli, chilli pepper, cayenne pepper. Ejem tomus ekilip alynan gyzyl burçy ýüpe düzüp, guradyp gyşa goýar. Nahary ajy edip iýan adamlar gyzyl burçy gowy görýarler.

bolgar burç   bell/sweet pepper. Bolgar burç nahary örän tagamly edýar. Dümewlän wagtyň noýwaly unaşy gyzyl burçlap işseň dümegden açylýaň.

burç2   n. 1 • corner. Egilen wagtym maňlaýym stolyň burçyna degip gözimden ot çykyp gitdi. Köçäniň burçunda täze çagalar üçin dukan açyldy.

2 • angle.

janly burç    Klasymyzyň janly burçynda herhili haýwanjyklar we balyklar bar. Çagalar bagynda janly burç döredilmänkä, ene-atalardan çagalaň allergiýasynyň barlygyny ýa-da ýoklygyny soradylar.

burgy   n. contractions, labour. Çaga burgusy tutup başladygy tiz kömege jaň etmeli. Burgy tutup başlanda oturmak gadagan.

burmak   v. 1 • to turn right off, turn tight, tighten, screw up. nurbady ~ to tighten a nut.

2 • to twist, twirl, wind round. elini arkasyna ~ to twist one's arms behind his back.

1 •  Stolyň aýagyny burmasaň, biraz wagtdan ýykylar. Tama nurbady burup ondan owadan şekili asdym.

2 •  Joramyň oýun bilen burup alan ýeri gögerip dur. Hojalygymyzda saklaýan gazymyzyň gaharyny getirseň çünki bilen burup alýar.

3 •  Jenaýatçyny tussag edenlerinden soň elini arkasyna burdular. Mugallym sapak geçende iki elini arkasyna burup aňaryk bärik ýöreýär.

4 • 

burun   n. nose.

1 •  Gaharyň gelse, burnuňy dişle nakyl Dümeglänim bäri burnym dykylýar. Konditer önümleri öndürýan sehiň töwereginden geçseň burnuňa süýji isler gelýar.

2 •  Gyzym ilki ýöräp başlanda aýagyň burnynda ýöredi. Aýagymyň burnyna büdüräp, başam barmagymy agyrtdym.

3 •  Category: geogr. Burnyňy sokmasyz ýere sokma. Bar pulumy biderek zada sowyp iki elimi burnuma sokup geldim.

buşlamak   [bu:şlamak] v. to be first to bring good news. Jigim bolanda hemme dogan garyndaşlara buşlap çykdym. Şatlykly habary buşlana serpaý berilýar. Agam gullukdan gelende, buşlap toplan puluma owadan ýalyk aldym.

buşluk   [bu:şluk] n. 1 • message containing good news. Buşlyk! Dursun ejäň ogly gullukdan gelipdir. Myrat aganyň ogul agtygy bolupdyr, buşlyk!

2 • reward for good news. Buşluga berlen köýnegi toýa geýdim. Buşluga gelen adamy boş göýbermeýarler.

but   [bu:t] n. 1 • thigh. Soýylan öküziň yzky budyny satyn aldyk. Mundan bäş ýyl öň taýyp but süňkim döwülip, aýagyma gips goýdylar.

2 • idol; god - the man-made image of a god.

butaýda   adv. here (showing location). Butaýda duran güli başga ýere göçirmeli. Butaýda çep tarapa öwürmeli diýen bellik bar.

buthana   [but'ha:na] n. temple; church. Buthana ikona suratlaryny görmek üçin bardyk. We went to the church to see the icon pictures. Köp ýaşlar toý güni nykalaşmaga buthana barýarlar. Many young people on their wedding day go to the church to get married.

butnamak   v. to move. Meniň ýanymdan bir ädimem butnama. I'm not moving one step from here. Mina basan adam hiç ýerik butnaman durmaly, halas edýänçäler.

butparaz   idolater.

buýana   [buýa:na] adv. from this point on, from here. Mundan buýana menden birugsat hiç ýerik çykmaly däl. Şundan buýana men çilim çekmämi goýdym. Buýana awtoulaglara sürmek gadagan. Vehicles are forbidden from this point on.

buýra   adj. curl, curly, frizzy. Bu gyzjagazyň buýra-buýra saçlaryny daramaga kyndyr. Duralgada buýra saçly görmegeý ýigit gördim. Dellekhanada himiýa kömegi bilen saçymy buýra etdirdim.

buýruk   n. order.

1 • order, command. Aýal gyzlaryň baýramçylygyna baş lukmanyň buýrygy bilen zenan işgärlere sowgat berdiler. Komandiriň buýrygy boýunça işi ýerine ýetirmek. imperative.

2 • 

1 •  ýazmaça ~ bermek

2 •  buýrulan iş işligiň buýruk formasy

buýsanç   n. pride. Ýurdymyň parahat hem asudalygyna buýsanç bilen garaýaryn. Öz ýakynlaň barada buýsanç bilen geplemek örän ýakymly.

buýsanmak   v. 1 • to be proud of, take pride in, boast in. Mekdebi altyn medala gutaranyma buýsanýaryn. Men şäherimiň owadan hem arassalygyna buýsanýaryn. Çagaňa buýsanmak herkime miesser etsin.

2 • to rely on, hope on. Baýka, baýlygyna buýsanyp adam äsgermedi. Öz güýjüne buýsanyp ýokary okuw jaýyna ekzamensiz diňe gürrüň geçirme bilen geçdi.

buýurmak   v. to order, command, book.

buz   [bu:z] n. ice. Buzyň üstünde taýmak şeýle bir hezil. Gyşda jaýyň depesindäki sallanyp duran buzlar örän howply.

buzgaýmak   n. ice-cream.

bu taýda   [bu ta:ýda] adv. here, in this area. Bu taýda gyzgyn çäýnegi goýsaň stolyň üsti ýanar. Ýolyň bu taýsynda durmak gadagan. Bu taýda ösip oturan agajy bir gör nähili owadan.

bu ýerde   adv. here. Bu ýerde ekilen kelem gowy hasyl bermeýär. Öň bu ýerde dermanhana ýerleşýärdi. Bu ýerde nämäň gurluşygy gidýär?

büdremek   v. to stumble (over), get stuck (on). Awtobusa ýetişjek bolyp ylgamda, daşa büdräp dyzyma ýykyldym. Garaňkyda bir zada büdräp tas ýykylypdym. Basmançakda büdräp, ýykylmajak bolyp germeçden ýapyşdym.

2 • v. Bu iş meni büdretdi. Saz çalanda, onuň eli büdreýär.

bükmek   v. 1 • to bend, curve, fold. Bilimi bükip ýere gül ekip çykdym. Dyzymy bükip köp otursam aýagym agyrýar.

2 • to prepare (food). Börek bükmegi ors goňşymdan öwrendim. Somsany köplenşip derrew bükip, ýaýyp we bişirip alýarys.

bükülmek   v. to bend (down), bow (down), stoop. Kiçilikden bileni-biteni diňe tikin bolansoň onuň bili bükülipdir. Bilini büküp, hasaly ýöreýr.

gara hyzmatdan ~   

bürelmek   v. cloud over. Dag buluda bürelipdir.

bürenjek   n. cover, veil. Dynçyl musulman ýurtlarda aýal gyzlar bürenjege bürenip gezýarler. Turist bolyp Eýran ýurdyna gidemde bürenjekli gezdim.

bürenmek   v. to cover oneself, wrap oneself. Çybynlardan ýaňa ýorgany kelläm bilen bürenip ýatdym. Agşamlaryna howa soganda dona bürenmesem sowuk bolýar. Kürtä bürenip oturan geliniň ýüzini açyp gördüm.

bürgüt   n. eagle. Haýwanat bagynda birinji gezek janly bürgüt gördim. Gök asmanda uçyp barýan bürgüdi surata aldym. I took a picture of an eagle flying high up in the sky.

bürünç1   n. rice. Bürünç ak, mele hem gyzylymtyl reňkde bolýandygyny, joram getirende bildim. Palow bişirmek üçin dukandan bürünç satyn aldym.

bürünç2   n. bronze. Futbol ýaryşynda biziň komandamyz bürünç medala eýe boldy. Joramyň toýyna bürünçden ýasalan önümleri sowgat etdim.

büs-bütin   [büs-büti:n] adv. Çagany ogullyk alaňda büs-bütin hemme taraplaýyn öz üstiňe almaly. Dört ýyl görmedik şäherim büs-bütin gowy tarapa uýtgäpdir. See: bütinleý.

bütin   [büti:n] adj. all of, whole. Tikip oturan köýnegimi ýetişdirjek bolyp bütin günimi sarp etdim. Gerek bolan kasetamy bütin bazara aýlanyp çyksamam, tapmadym.

bütindünýä   [büti:ndpnýä] adj. world-wide, universal. Filormoniýa konserdine bütindünýa belli sazlaryň birnäçesi çalyndy. Türkmenistan garaşsyz hem bitarap bolany bäri, özini bütindünýa tanatdy.

bütinleý   [büti:nleý] adv. completely, utterly, in full, totally, quite, entirely. Durmuş bütinleý özgerdi.

büzmek   v. to tighten, tie up. Tikin maşynym büzip tikýa diýip ussa görkezdim. Gyzyma agzy büzilýan bukja tikdim. Köýnegimiň etegini büzmek-büzmek edip tikdim.

byçgy   n. saw, hack-saw. Satyn alan byçgymyzyň dişi ýaman ýiti. Alçamyzyň guran şahalaryny byçgy bilen kakam kesip aýyrdy.

bykyn   n. side. Eliňi bykynyňa urup durmada, gelde dogramaň nanyny dograş. Türkmenlerde zenan maşgala elini bykynyna ursa halananok.

   n.

býujet   n. budget. Döwlet býüjet kärhanalary aýlygy gowy hem wagtynda berýar, Kommersiýa kärhanasyndan çykyp döwlet býüjet edarasuna ise girdim.

býuro   [býu'ro] n. office, bureau. Sorag-jogap býurosyna jaň edip, otlyň ugraýan wagtyny bildik. Duralgada tapan pasportymy, ýitirlen zatlar býurosyna tabşyrdym.